{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T19:13:28Z","timestamp":1790795608911,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":71,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"24","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,23]],"date-time":"2024-12-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1734912000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Monash University"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Objectives: We aimed to review the effect of lifestyle interventions in women with a history of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) based on the participants and intervention characteristics. Methods: We systematically searched seven databases for RCTs of lifestyle interventions published up to 24 July 2024. We included 30 studies that reported the incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) or body weight. A random effects model was used to calculate the relative risk and mean difference with a 95% confidence interval. Subgroup analyses were conducted for participants\u2019 characteristics (age, body mass index (BMI)) and intervention characteristics according to the Template for Intervention Description and Replication (TIDieR). Results: A greater T2DM risk reduction was seen in trials that started within one year postpartum, in participants with a mean baseline BMI of 30 kg\/m2 or more, or based on behavioral change theory. For body weight reduction, studies on participants with a mean baseline BMI of 25 kg\/m2 or more or ones that included electronic\/mobile delivery (text message, web, phone call) were more effective. Conclusions: Diabetes prevention trials in women with a history of GDM are more effective when commencing within one year postpartum, underpinned by behavior change theory, and in participants with overweight or obesity.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu16244413","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,23]],"date-time":"2024-12-23T09:13:38Z","timestamp":1734945218000},"page":"4413","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Type 2 Diabetes Prevention Through Lifestyle Interventions in Women with a History of Gestational Diabetes\u2014A Summary of Participant and Intervention Characteristics"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0932-1276","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gebresilasea","family":"Ukke","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Systems and Equity, Eastern Health Clinical School, Monash University, Level 2, 5 Arnold Street, Box Hill, VIC 3128, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3616-1637","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jacqueline","family":"Boyle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Systems and Equity, Eastern Health Clinical School, Monash University, Level 2, 5 Arnold Street, Box Hill, VIC 3128, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ahmed","family":"Reja","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa 9086, Ethiopia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9149-7347","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wai","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Singapore Health Services, 31 Third Hospital Avenue, Singapore 168753, Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mingling","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Monash Centre for Health Research and Implementation, Monash University, Level 1, 43-51 Kanooka Grove, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia"},{"name":"Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai 200025, China"},{"name":"Shanghai National Clinical Research Centre for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine Tumor, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michelle","family":"Ko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Singapore Health Services, 31 Third Hospital Avenue, Singapore 168753, Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chelsea","family":"Alycia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, 264 Ferntree Gully Rd, 14, Notting Hill, VIC 3168, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jane","family":"Kwon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Diabetes Victoria, Suite G01\/15-31 Pelham St., Carlton, VIC 3053, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5333-6451","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Siew","family":"Lim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Systems and Equity, Eastern Health Clinical School, Monash University, Level 2, 5 Arnold Street, Box Hill, VIC 3128, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"International Diabetes Federation (2021). 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