{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T16:02:43Z","timestamp":1791820963191,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,27]],"date-time":"2024-12-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735257600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"University of Oradea"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background\/Objectives: Magnesium plays a crucial role in immune function, influencing immunoglobulin synthesis, antibody-dependent cytolysis, and other immune processes. In renal transplant patients, magnesium deficiency is primarily induced by calcineurin inhibitor treatment, through the reduction of magnesium transporter proteins in the renal tubules, leading to magnesium loss. Methods: To assess the correlation between serum magnesium levels and the long-term outcomes of renal graft and transplant recipients, we conducted a retrospective study on 87 patients who have had a transplant for more than 5 years, a period considered immunologically stable. We evaluated laboratory parameters such as glycemia, creatinine, total protein, and C-reactive protein (CRP), as well as demographic data, primary kidney disease, donor type, comorbidities, and infection incidence. Results: This study revealed clinical stability at over 5 years post-transplantation, with no significant differences between the 5\u201315 and over-15-years groups with regard to major comorbidities, except for HCV infection (p = 0.018). Reduced magnesium levels were associated with impaired renal function (p = 0.017) and inflammatory syndrome (p = 0.012). Viral infections were correlated with living donor grafts (p = 0.05), hypoproteinemia, and decreased eGFR (estimated glomerular filtration rate), while bacterial infections, namely urinary tract infections (UTIs), were linked to reduced eGFR (p = 0.05, p = 0.046). Female patients with hypomagnesemia had a higher incidence of recurrent UTIs (p = 0.03). Conclusions: Hypomagnesemia correlates with increased infection risk in patients who received a renal transplant more than 5 years ago but does not significantly impact glycemic control or cardiovascular health.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu17010050","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,27]],"date-time":"2024-12-27T09:13:32Z","timestamp":1735290812000},"page":"50","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["The Impact of Hypomagnesemia on the Long-Term Evolution After Kidney Transplantation"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0879-1903","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ioana Adela","family":"Ratiu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 1st December Square 10, 410073 Oradea, Romania"},{"name":"Nephrology Department, Emergency Clinical Hospital Bihor County, 410087 Oradea, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Corina","family":"Moisa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 1st December Square 10, 410073 Oradea, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luciana","family":"Marc","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine II, \u201cVictor Babe\u0219\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timi\u0219oara, Romania"},{"name":"Research in Nephrology and Vascular Disease, Faculty of Medicine, \u201cVictor Babe\u0219\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timi\u0219oara, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicu","family":"Olariu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine II, \u201cVictor Babe\u0219\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timi\u0219oara, Romania"},{"name":"Research in Nephrology and Vascular Disease, Faculty of Medicine, \u201cVictor Babe\u0219\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timi\u0219oara, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cristian Adrian","family":"Ratiu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 1st December Square 10, 410073 Oradea, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gabriel Cristian","family":"Bako","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 1st December Square 10, 410073 Oradea, Romania"},{"name":"Nephrology Department, Emergency Clinical Hospital Bihor County, 410087 Oradea, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anamaria","family":"Ratiu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Dentistry, University of Medicine and Pharmacy \u201cIuliu Hatieganu\u201d Cluj-Napoca, Victor Babe\u0219 Street 8, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4900-4427","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Simona","family":"Fratila","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 1st December Square 10, 410073 Oradea, Romania"},{"name":"Dermatology Department, Emergency Clinical Hospital Bihor County, Republicii Street 37, 410167 Oradea, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alin Cristian","family":"Teusdea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Environmental Protection, University of Oradea, 26th Gen. Magheru Avenue, 410087 Oradea, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4643-2151","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mariana","family":"Ganea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 1st December Square 10, 410073 Oradea, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mirela","family":"Indries","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 1st December Square 10, 410073 Oradea, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9469-3546","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lorena","family":"Filip","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy \u201cIuliu Hatieganu\u201d Cluj-Napoca, Victor Babe\u0219 Street 8, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania"},{"name":"Academy of Romanian Scientists (AOSR), 3 Ilfov Street, 050044 Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1389","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-015-3400-y","article-title":"Dietary magnesium intake, bone mineral density and risk of fracture: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"27","author":"Saneei","year":"2016","journal-title":"Osteoporos. 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