{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T22:06:47Z","timestamp":1791410807219,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,5]],"date-time":"2025-01-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1736035200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Innlandet Hospital Trust"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: The effectiveness of bariatric surgery in reducing remnant cholesterol (RC) levels, particularly when obesity is accompanied by elevated glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), is insufficiently investigated. In this study, we aimed to examine the impacts of two common bariatric procedures, Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) and sleeve gastrectomy (SG), as regards their effects on RC and HbA1c levels. Methods: Adult morbidly obese subjects were included and assigned to receive either RYGB or SG. The levels of RC and HbA1c were determined 6 and 12 months after surgery and compared to preoperative levels to assess the efficacy of these surgical methods. In the statistical evaluation of covariations between RC and other biomarkers, previously determined C-reactive protein (CRP), triglycerides, apolipoprotein B, apolipoprotein A1, and low- and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol 6 and 12 months after surgery were included. A linear mixed regression model for repeated analyses was used. Results: The RC levels were markedly reduced both after RYGB and SG but without significant differences between the RYGB and the SG surgery. Furthermore, the RC values were strongly associated with the levels of CRP and HbA1c. Conclusions: A significant lowering of RC values after bariatric surgery appeared paralleled by concomitant reductions in HbA1c values and CRP levels. Together, these effects lead to a lower risk of cardiovascular disease.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu17010189","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,6]],"date-time":"2025-01-06T06:43:04Z","timestamp":1736145784000},"page":"189","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Reduction in Remnant Cholesterol in Obese Individuals After Bariatric Surgery with Gastric Bypass or Sleeve Gastrectomy"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7518-5703","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jan O.","family":"Aaseth","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Research, Innlandet Hospital Trust, P.O. Box 104, N-2381 Brumunddal, Norway"},{"name":"Department of Health and Nursing Science, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences, N-2418 Elverum, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kjetil","family":"Retterst\u00f8l","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, N-0317 Oslo, Norway"},{"name":"Lipid Clinic, Oslo University Hospital, N-0424 Oslo, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Helge","family":"Rootwelt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Biochemistry, Oslo University Hospital, N-0424 Oslo, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5627-1641","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Per G.","family":"Farup","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Research, Innlandet Hospital Trust, P.O. Box 104, N-2381 Brumunddal, Norway"},{"name":"Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, N-7491 Trondheim, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pcad.2013.10.016","article-title":"Overview of epidemiology and contribution of obesity to cardiovascular disease","volume":"56","author":"Bastien","year":"2014","journal-title":"Prog. Cardiovasc. Dis."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1007\/s11883-015-0551-4","article-title":"All-cause and cause-specific mortality associated with bariatric surgery: A review","volume":"17","author":"Adams","year":"2015","journal-title":"Curr. Atheroscler. 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