{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T05:00:19Z","timestamp":1787029219517,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,24]],"date-time":"2025-01-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1737676800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre (BRC)","award":["MR\/N013700\/1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MR\/N013700\/1"]}]},{"name":"Royal Embassy of Saudi Arabia Cultural Bureau","award":["MR\/N013700\/1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MR\/N013700\/1"]}]},{"name":"Medical Research Council","award":["MR\/N013700\/1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MR\/N013700\/1"]}]},{"name":"Ministry of National Education of T\u00fcrkiye","award":["MR\/N013700\/1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MR\/N013700\/1"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Anorexia nervosa and atypical anorexia nervosa require refeeding as a core part of their treatment, and enteral tube nutrition (ETN) may be needed in some individuals either to supplement or replace oral nutrition. This scoping review aimed to explore outcomes associated with phases of ETN, including initial nutrition, transition from enteral nutrition to oral intake, and to overall nutrition; Methods: The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for scoping reviews checklist was used. A systematic search was performed using the Ovid and the Web of Science databases, using relevant search terms identifying 37 studies to be included in the review. Quantitative and qualitative data were synthesised and presented; Results: ETN resulted in similar or higher weight gain than oral nutrition. Refeeding syndrome parameters were comparable between ETN and oral nutrition with some indication that prophylactic phosphate supported mitigation of hypophosphataemia. Global psychological parameters related to the eating disorder improved with nutrition; however, there was an indication that weight and shape concerns did not improve during this period. There was a lack of evidence related to transition from ETN to oral intake. Qualitative data indicated meanings attached to the tube, suggesting that additional support may be needed for the transition away from the tube. Furthermore, consideration may be required to support individuals in mitigating trauma related to ETN under restraint; Conclusions: ETN, when required, is a viable alternative to oral intake. Results indicated the need for further research, especially in the transition from ETN to oral intake with regard to strategies of transition and support, and outcomes related to these strategies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu17030425","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,24]],"date-time":"2025-01-24T05:24:31Z","timestamp":1737696271000},"page":"425","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Enteral Tube Nutrition in Anorexia Nervosa and Atypical Anorexia Nervosa and Outcomes: A Systematic Scoping Review"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Namrata","family":"Dhopatkar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London SE5 8AZ, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3905-9857","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Johanna L.","family":"Keeler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Research in Eating and Weight Disorders, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King\u2019s College, London SE5 8AF, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4715-0749","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Davide","family":"Gravina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Research in Eating and Weight Disorders, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King\u2019s College, London SE5 8AF, UK"},{"name":"Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, 56127 Pisa, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jacinda","family":"Gower","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London SE5 8AZ, UK"},{"name":"South West London and St George\u2019s Mental Health NHS Trust, London SW17 0YF, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9267-6283","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hiba","family":"Mutwalli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Research in Eating and Weight Disorders, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King\u2019s College, London SE5 8AF, UK"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Nutrition, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0613-5032","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sevgi","family":"Bektas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Research in Eating and Weight Disorders, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King\u2019s College, London SE5 8AF, UK"},{"name":"Department of Psychology, Hacettepe University, Ankara 06800, T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2863-158X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sarah J.","family":"Fuller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Northamptonshire Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, Northampton NN15 7PW, UK"},{"name":"Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1209-6073","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hubertus","family":"Himmerich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London SE5 8AZ, UK"},{"name":"Centre for Research in Eating and Weight Disorders, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King\u2019s College, London SE5 8AF, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0871-4596","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Janet","family":"Treasure","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Research in Eating and Weight Disorders, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King\u2019s College, London SE5 8AF, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"American Psychiatric Association (2013). 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