{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]],"date-time":"2026-10-10T06:20:21Z","timestamp":1791613221547,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":332,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,29]],"date-time":"2025-01-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1738108800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Worldwide, almost 10 million cancer deaths occurred in 2022, a number that is expected to rise to 16.3 million by 2040. Primary prevention has long been acknowledged as a crucial approach to reducing cancer incidence. In fact, between 30 and 50 percent of all tumors are known to be preventable by eating a healthy diet, staying active, avoiding alcohol, smoking, and being overweight. Accordingly, many international organizations have created tumor prevention guidelines, which underlie the importance of following a diet that emphasizes eating plant-based foods while minimizing the consumption of red\/processed meat, sugars, processed foods, and alcohol. However, further research is needed to define the relationship between the effect of specific diets or nutritional components on cancer prevention. Interestingly, reductions in food intake and dietetic restrictions can extend the lifespan of yeast, nematodes, flies, and rodents. Despite controversial results in humans, those approaches have the potential to ameliorate health via direct and indirect effects on specific signaling pathways involved in cancer onset. Here, we describe the latest knowledge on the cancer-preventive potential of dietary restrictions and the biochemical processes involved. Molecular, preclinical, and clinical studies evaluating the effects of different fasting strategies will also be reviewed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu17030503","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,30]],"date-time":"2025-01-30T04:01:39Z","timestamp":1738209699000},"page":"503","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Dietary Restrictions and Cancer Prevention: State of the Art"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9975-4395","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Greta","family":"Caprara","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology (IEO), Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), 20139 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5720-9150","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rani","family":"Pallavi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology (IEO), Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), 20139 Milan, Italy"},{"name":"Brien Holden Eye Research Centre, L. V. Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad 500034, India"},{"name":"The Operation Eyesight Universal Institute for Eye Cancer, L. V. Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad 500034, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shalini","family":"Sanyal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Brien Holden Eye Research Centre, L. V. Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad 500034, India"},{"name":"The Operation Eyesight Universal Institute for Eye Cancer, L. V. Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad 500034, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pier Giuseppe","family":"Pelicci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology (IEO), Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), 20139 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21834","article-title":"Global Cancer Statistics 2022: GLOBOCAN Estimates of Incidence and Mortality Worldwide for 36 Cancers in 185 Countries","volume":"74","author":"Bray","year":"2024","journal-title":"CA Cancer J. Clin."},{"key":"ref_2","unstructured":"World Cancer Research Fund\/American Institute for Cancer (2018). Diet, Nutrition, Physical Activity and Cancer: A Global Perspective, World Cancer Research Fund. 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