{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T22:18:14Z","timestamp":1791238694218,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,31]],"date-time":"2025-01-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1738281600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Crohn\u2019s disease (CD)\u2019s activation factors are still unclear. However, they are reported to involve an interaction between genetic susceptibility and unhealthy lifestyle factors like smoking, alcohol consumption, low physical activity, low BMI (&lt;18.5 kg\/m2), and probably unbalanced nutritional habits. Therefore, the aim of the present review is to demonstrate the possible effects of different nutritional habits, before the occurrence of the disease, as crucial factors for the inception of CD activation. The structure of the present narrative review was conducted following the instructions of the \u201cReview Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics Checklist\u201d. It is well established that the consumption of specific foods and drinks, such as spicy and fatty foods, raw vegetables and fruits, dairy products, carbonated beverages, and coffee or tea, can provoke the exacerbation of CD symptoms. On the other hand, Mediterranean-oriented diets seem to provide an inverse association with the incidence of CD. Moreover, patients seem to have the knowledge to select foods that contribute to the remission of their symptoms. However, it is not clearly reported whether the onset of CD activation is due to lifelong unbalanced nutritional habits and their subsequent effect on gut microbiota secretion, which seems to be the gold standard for CD\u2019s investigation. Therefore, more future studies should record, examine, and compare the nutritional habits between patients with CD (immediately after the disease\u2019s diagnosis) and healthy populations in a lifelong manner, in order to reveal the possible influence of foods on CD onset.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu17030559","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,3]],"date-time":"2025-02-03T09:35:07Z","timestamp":1738575307000},"page":"559","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Nutritional Habits in Crohn\u2019s Disease Onset and Management"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0059-2873","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Konstantinos","family":"Papadimitriou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Sport Sciences & Physical Education, Metropolitan College, University of East London, 54624 Thessaloniki, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3976-4473","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Georgia-Eirini","family":"Deligiannidou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences, International Hellenic University, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gavriela","family":"Voulgaridou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences, International Hellenic University, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2878-4831","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Constantinos","family":"Giaginis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of Environment, University of Aegean, 81100 Myrina, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6408-6128","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sousana K.","family":"Papadopoulou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences, International Hellenic University, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"583","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(52)90025-9","article-title":"Regional ileitis; a pathologic and clinical entity","volume":"13","author":"Crohn","year":"1952","journal-title":"Am. 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