{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,23]],"date-time":"2026-08-23T17:22:59Z","timestamp":1787505779039,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":79,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,6]],"date-time":"2025-02-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1738800000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Nutrition and exercise play a pivotal role in counteracting the effects of aging, promoting health, and improving physical fitness in older adults. This perspective study examines their interplay, highlighting their combined potential to preserve muscle mass, cognitive function, and quality of life. The objective is to address gaps in the current understanding, such as the frequent neglect of dietary intake in exercise interventions and vice versa, which can limit their effectiveness. Through a synthesis of the existing literature, we identify key findings, emphasizing the importance of adequate nutritional intake\u2014particularly protein, essential amino acids, and micronutrients\u2014in supporting exercise benefits and preventing sarcopenia and malnutrition. Additionally, supplementation strategies, such as omega-3 fatty acids, creatine, and essential amino acids, are explored alongside the emerging role of the gut microbiota in mediating the benefits of nutrition and exercise. Despite these advances, challenges remain, including determining optimal dosages and timing and addressing individual variability in responses. Personalized approaches tailored to sex differences, gut microbiota diversity, and baseline health conditions are critical for maximizing intervention outcomes. Our conclusions underscore the necessity of integrated strategies that align dietary and exercise interventions to support healthy and active aging. By addressing these gaps, future research can provide actionable insights to optimize health and quality of life in older populations.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu17030596","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,6]],"date-time":"2025-02-06T09:54:38Z","timestamp":1738835678000},"page":"596","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Perspectives on Diet and Exercise Interaction for Healthy Aging: Opportunities to Reduce Malnutrition Risk and Optimize Fitness"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0330-5558","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana","family":"Moradell","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development (GENUD) Research Group (NUTRI-GENUD B34_23R; EXER-GENUD S72_23R), Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain"},{"name":"Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria de Arag\u00f3n (IIS Arag\u00f3n), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain"},{"name":"Department of Animal Production and Food Sciences, Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Zaragoza, 22002 Huesca, Spain"},{"name":"Exercise and Health Spanish Research Net (EXERNET) (RED2022-134800-T), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain"},{"name":"Instituto Agroalimentario de Arag\u00f3n\u2014IA2, Universidad de Zaragoza\u2014CITA, 50090 Zaragoza, Spain"},{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red de Fisiopatolog\u00eda de la Obesidad y Nutrici\u00f3n (CIBERObn), 28040 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7215-6931","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jose Antonio","family":"Casaj\u00fas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development (GENUD) Research Group (NUTRI-GENUD B34_23R; EXER-GENUD S72_23R), Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain"},{"name":"Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria de Arag\u00f3n (IIS Arag\u00f3n), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain"},{"name":"Exercise and Health Spanish Research Net (EXERNET) (RED2022-134800-T), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain"},{"name":"Instituto Agroalimentario de Arag\u00f3n\u2014IA2, Universidad de Zaragoza\u2014CITA, 50090 Zaragoza, Spain"},{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red de Fisiopatolog\u00eda de la Obesidad y Nutrici\u00f3n (CIBERObn), 28040 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Department of Physiatry and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0454-653X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luis A.","family":"Moreno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development (GENUD) Research Group (NUTRI-GENUD B34_23R; EXER-GENUD S72_23R), Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain"},{"name":"Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria de Arag\u00f3n (IIS Arag\u00f3n), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain"},{"name":"Exercise and Health Spanish Research Net (EXERNET) (RED2022-134800-T), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain"},{"name":"Instituto Agroalimentario de Arag\u00f3n\u2014IA2, Universidad de Zaragoza\u2014CITA, 50090 Zaragoza, Spain"},{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red de Fisiopatolog\u00eda de la Obesidad y Nutrici\u00f3n (CIBERObn), 28040 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Department of Physiatry and Nursing, Faculty of Health, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4303-4097","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Germ\u00e1n","family":"Vicente-Rodr\u00edguez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development (GENUD) Research Group (NUTRI-GENUD B34_23R; EXER-GENUD S72_23R), Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain"},{"name":"Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria de Arag\u00f3n (IIS Arag\u00f3n), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain"},{"name":"Exercise and Health Spanish Research Net (EXERNET) (RED2022-134800-T), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain"},{"name":"Instituto Agroalimentario de Arag\u00f3n\u2014IA2, Universidad de Zaragoza\u2014CITA, 50090 Zaragoza, Spain"},{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red de Fisiopatolog\u00eda de la Obesidad y Nutrici\u00f3n (CIBERObn), 28040 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Department of Physiatry and Nursing, Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Zaragoza, 22002 Huesca, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization (2024, January 26). 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