{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]],"date-time":"2026-10-10T01:02:02Z","timestamp":1791594122671,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":122,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,13]],"date-time":"2025-02-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1739404800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Kuang Tien General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Migraine is a prevalent neurological disorder characterized by significant disability and triggered by various factors, including dietary habits. This review explores the complex relationship between diet and migraine, highlighting both triggering and protective roles of dietary patterns and specific nutrients. Evidence suggests that certain foods, such as alcohol, caffeine, chocolate, MSG, nitrates, and tyramine, can trigger migraines in susceptible individuals. Conversely, dietary interventions, including carbohydrate-restricted diets, ketogenic diets, vitamin D3 supplementation, omega-3 fatty acids, Mediterranean dietary patterns, and increased water intake, have shown potential in reducing migraine frequency and severity. Observational studies also indicate that maintaining a healthy diet, rich in fruits and vegetables and low in processed foods, is associated with better migraine outcomes. The effectiveness of these interventions varies among individuals, underscoring the importance of personalized approaches. Future studies should further explore the role of diet in migraine management, focusing on randomized trials to establish causality and refine dietary recommendations for patients.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu17040669","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,13]],"date-time":"2025-02-13T10:36:58Z","timestamp":1739443018000},"page":"669","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Dietary Patterns and Migraine: Insights and Impact"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Yi-Hsien","family":"Tu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, An Nan Hospital, China Medical University, Tainan 709, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3853-2067","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ching-Mao","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Traditional Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan"},{"name":"Institute of Traditional Medicine, College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan"},{"name":"School of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0579-7015","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cheng-Chia","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Healthcare Administration, Asia University, Taichung 413, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7688-3012","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"I-Ju","family":"Tsai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Kuang Tien General Hospital, Taichung 433, Taiwan"},{"name":"Program in Translational Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan"},{"name":"Management Office for Health Data, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ying-Chen","family":"Chou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Emergency Medicine, Kuang Tien General Hospital, Taichung 433, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chun-Pai","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Kuang Tien General Hospital, Taichung 433, Taiwan"},{"name":"Program in Translational Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1186\/s10194-024-01795-2","article-title":"GBD2021: Headache disorders and global lost health\u2014A focus on children, and a view forward","volume":"25","author":"Steiner","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. 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