{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,27]],"date-time":"2026-10-27T06:54:01Z","timestamp":1793084041010,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,27]],"date-time":"2025-02-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1740614400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Instiuto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII)","award":["PI24\/00959"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PI24\/00959"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Obesity is a frequent comorbidity in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). This condition may lead these patients to have poorer disease control and a worse response to some of the available treatments. Objectives: We aim to analyze the role of body mass index (BMI) in the clinical response to Janus kinase inhibitors (JAKis) in patients with RA. We aim to perform an in-depth analysis of the pathophysiology of obesity by assessing serum adipokine levels, their potential influence in disease activity and their changes with treatment. Methods: This study involved 81 patients with RA treated with JAKis from Hospital La Paz and Hospital Reina Sof\u00eda. Patients were classified according to their BMI as normal weight and overweight\/obesity. The clinical response to treatment was assessed by the Clinical Disease Activity Index (CDAI) and Disease Activity Score-28 (DAS28) 6 months after the initiation of JAKis. Serum adipokines (leptin and adiponectin) were determined using a commercial immunoassay kit in samples obtained before the initiation of JAKis and after 6 months of treatment. Results: Leptin levels showed a significant positive correlation with BMI at baseline (r = 0.59, p &lt; 0.01) and at 6 months (r = 0.56, p &lt; 0.01) in the whole cohort, but no correlation was found between BMI and adiponectin. No correlation between disease activity and BMI was found in the whole cohort at baseline and at 6 months measured by both the CDAI and DAS28. Fifty patients (61.7%) achieved low disease activity (LDA)\/remission at 6 months, regardless their BMI, and no differences in serum adipokine levels were observed at baseline and at 6 months in patients who achieved LDA vs. no-LDA. Conclusions: In this study, we did not find an association between obesity and the extent of LDA in patients treated with JAKis; therefore, this mechanism of action could be suitable for overweight\/obese patients with RA.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu17050820","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,28]],"date-time":"2025-02-28T08:05:54Z","timestamp":1740729954000},"page":"820","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Do Obesity and Adipose Tissue Cytokines Influence the Response to Janus Kinase Inhibitors in Rheumatoid Arthritis?"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Marta","family":"Novella-Navarro","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Rheumatology Department, Hospital Universitario La Paz, 28046 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Immuno-Rheumatology Investigation Group, IdiPAZ, Hospital Universitario La Paz, 28046 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5016-5901","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana","family":"Van Den Rym","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Immunogenetics of Human Diseases, IdiPAZ, Hospital Universitario La Paz, 28046 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chary","family":"L\u00f3pez-Pedrera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rheumatology Department, Hospital Reina Sof\u00eda, IMIBIC, University of C\u00f3rdoba, 14071 C\u00f3rdoba, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ana","family":"Mart\u00ednez-Feito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Immunology Department, Hospital Universitario La Paz, 28046 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-9913-9266","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Beatriz","family":"Nieto-Carvalhal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Immuno-Rheumatology Investigation Group, IdiPAZ, Hospital Universitario La Paz, 28046 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Keren","family":"Reche","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lymphocyte Pathophysiology in Immunodeficiencies Group, La Paz Institute for Health Research (IdiPAZ), 28046 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2309-5837","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Clementina","family":"L\u00f3pez-Medina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rheumatology Department, Hospital Reina Sof\u00eda, IMIBIC, University of C\u00f3rdoba, 14071 C\u00f3rdoba, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5891-5527","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alejandro","family":"Escudero-Contreras","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rheumatology Department, Hospital Reina Sof\u00eda, IMIBIC, University of C\u00f3rdoba, 14071 C\u00f3rdoba, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8981-4312","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pilar","family":"Nozal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Immunology Department, Hospital Universitario La Paz, 28046 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria Eugenia","family":"Miranda-Car\u00fas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rheumatology Department, Hospital Universitario La Paz, 28046 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Immuno-Rheumatology Investigation Group, IdiPAZ, Hospital Universitario La Paz, 28046 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Irene","family":"Monjo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rheumatology Department, Hospital Universitario La Paz, 28046 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Immuno-Rheumatology Investigation Group, IdiPAZ, Hospital Universitario La Paz, 28046 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eugenio","family":"De Miguel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rheumatology Department, Hospital Universitario La Paz, 28046 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Immuno-Rheumatology Investigation Group, IdiPAZ, Hospital Universitario La Paz, 28046 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alejandro","family":"Balsa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rheumatology Department, Hospital Universitario La Paz, 28046 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Immuno-Rheumatology Investigation Group, IdiPAZ, Hospital Universitario La Paz, 28046 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rebeca","family":"P\u00e9rez-De Diego","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Immunogenetics of Human Diseases, IdiPAZ, Hospital Universitario La Paz, 28046 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chamaida","family":"Plasencia-Rodr\u00edguez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rheumatology Department, Hospital Universitario La Paz, 28046 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Immuno-Rheumatology Investigation Group, IdiPAZ, Hospital Universitario La Paz, 28046 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"804","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(11)60813-1","article-title":"The global obesity pandemic: Shaped by global drivers and local 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