{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,25]],"date-time":"2026-04-25T02:57:40Z","timestamp":1777085860332,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":68,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,6]],"date-time":"2025-03-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1741219200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"USDA-NIFA Agriculture and Food Research Initiative Grant (Diet, Nutrition, and the Prevention of Chronic Disease Program)","award":["2023-68015-39601"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023-68015-39601"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background\/Objectives: Access to healthy and affordable food remains a challenge for under-resourced communities due to uneven food distribution and the need for reliable transportation. This study developed and evaluated an interactive Geographic Information System (GIS)-based food asset map for a low-income community in Windham, Connecticut to improve awareness of food resources and expand opportunities for fresh food access. Methods: Using the human-centered design (HCD) framework and the Asset-Based Community Development (ABCD) model, the map integrates food locations, transportation routes, and assistance eligibility. Internal pilot testing (n = 8) identified usability issues, leading to updates such as mobile compatibility and user guides. Usability testing (n = 74) assessed navigation performance and user feedback through task-based evaluations and surveys. Categorical map usability, sociodemographic, diet, and health characteristics were tested for participants with food security (yes\/no) or digital literacy (passed\/failed). Results: Food-secure participants showed higher usability success than food-insecure individuals (p &lt; 0.05), while those relying on food assistance faced greater challenges (p &lt; 0.05). Individuals rating their diet as \u201cvery good\/excellent\u201d were most likely to pass the map usability testing (p &lt; 0.05), whereas younger, college-educated, employed participants and those with vehicles trended toward passing (p &lt; 0.1). Participants generally reported the map easy to navigate, especially those with food security. Conclusions: The asset map promotes food resource awareness and addresses barriers such as limited public transportation information. Additional efforts are needed to support food-insecure users in utilizing digital food access resources. This study contributes to initiatives to improve food access, digital inclusion, and community engagement in under-resourced communities.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu17050911","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,6]],"date-time":"2025-03-06T06:02:13Z","timestamp":1741240933000},"page":"911","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Developing and Testing a User-Focused, Web GIS-Based Food Asset Map for an Under-Resourced Community in Northeastern Connecticut"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-6190-4371","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiran","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Manije Darooghegi","family":"Mofrad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sydney","family":"Clements","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geography, Sustainability, Community and Urban Studies, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4703-952X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kate","family":"Killion","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Allied Health Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thess","family":"Johnson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geography, Sustainability, Community and Urban Studies, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5045-9253","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiang","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geography, Sustainability, Community and Urban Studies, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Donna","family":"Zigmont","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Allied Health Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8713-2409","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniela C.","family":"Avelino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Allied Health Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Brenda","family":"Lituma-Solis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Allied Health Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael J.","family":"Puglisi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4226-064X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Valerie B.","family":"Duffy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Allied Health Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7391-2380","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ock K.","family":"Chun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1958","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(19)30041-8","article-title":"Health effects of dietary risks in 195 countries, 1990\u20132017: A systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017","volume":"393","author":"Afshin","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100194","DOI":"10.1016\/j.advnut.2024.100194","article-title":"Perspective: Nutrition health disparities framework: A model to advance health equity","volume":"15","author":"Alvidrez","year":"2024","journal-title":"Adv. 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