{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]],"date-time":"2026-10-19T16:01:02Z","timestamp":1792425662947,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,7]],"date-time":"2025-03-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1741305600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Objectives: This study aimed to explore the effects of four days of Rhodiola Rosea (RR) supplementation on bench-press and bench-pull exercises under resting or mental fatigue conditions in young healthy individuals. Methods: Eighteen participants (seven women) visited the laboratory on five occasions separated by 7 days\u2014one preliminary session and four experimental sessions. In the preliminary session, participants were familiarised with the Stroop and Multiple Object Tracking tests, after which their one-repetition maximum loads for bench presses and bench pulls were determined. The four experimental sessions had the same protocol, differing only in the supplement (RR or placebo) and mental task conditions (Stroop test or control video). Participants were assigned randomly and counterbalanced to each experimental condition: (I) RR and Stroop test, (II) RR and control video, (III) placebo and Stroop test, and (IV) placebo and control video. Results: The main findings indicate that RR supplementation has trivial-to-small effects in terms of mental fatigue, visuo-cognitive processing, or perceived exertion. However, RR was significantly superior to placebo on strength performance in the control video condition during some sets, as it increased the number of repetitions performed in the bench press and the fastest velocity in the bench pull. Out of 52 comparisons, 17 small effect sizes were observed, with 14 favouring RR and 3 favouring placebo, with the remaining differences being trivial. Conclusions: These results suggest that short-term RR supplementation is safe and provides its main ergogenic effects on physical performance rather than in visuo-cognitive or mental outcomes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu17060940","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,7]],"date-time":"2025-03-07T12:22:52Z","timestamp":1741350172000},"page":"940","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["The Impact of Rhodiola Rosea Extract on Strength Performance in Alternative Bench-Press and Bench-Pull Exercises Under Resting and Mental Fatigue Conditions: A Randomized, Triple-Blinded, Placebo-Controlled, Crossover Trial"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7223-527X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel","family":"Marcos-Frutos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"\u017diga","family":"Leban","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain"},{"name":"Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Primorska, 6310 Izola, Slovenia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5599-0257","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhaoqian","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xing","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2622-8658","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paula M.","family":"Lara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CLARO (Clinical and Laboratory Applications of Research in Optometry) Laboratory, Department of Optics, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Campus de La Fuentenueva 2, 18001 Granada, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carlos","family":"Alix-Fages","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain"},{"name":"Department of Health Research, ICEN Canary University, 38002 Santa Cruz, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2126-2416","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pablo","family":"Jim\u00e9nez-Mart\u00ednez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain"},{"name":"Department of Health Research, ICEN Canary University, 38002 Santa Cruz, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-1687-1672","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nadia","family":"Zebboudji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain"},{"name":"R&D Department Pharmanager Ingredients, 49100 Angers, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Annabelle","family":"Caillet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain"},{"name":"R&D Department Pharmanager Ingredients, 49100 Angers, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4571-873X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Beatriz","family":"Redondo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CLARO (Clinical and Laboratory Applications of Research in Optometry) Laboratory, Department of Optics, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Campus de La Fuentenueva 2, 18001 Granada, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8091-2373","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jes\u00fas","family":"Vera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CLARO (Clinical and Laboratory Applications of Research in Optometry) Laboratory, Department of Optics, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Campus de La Fuentenueva 2, 18001 Granada, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9925-7751","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Danica","family":"Janicijevic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China"},{"name":"Department of Radiology, Ningbo No. 2 Hospital, Ningbo 315010, China"},{"name":"Department of Sports Sciences and Physical Conditioning, Faculty of Education, Universidad Cat\u00f3lica de la Sant\u00edsima Concepci\u00f3n, Concepci\u00f3n 4070129, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0608-8755","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amador","family":"Garc\u00eda-Ramos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain"},{"name":"Department of Sports Sciences and Physical Conditioning, Faculty of Education, Universidad Cat\u00f3lica de la Sant\u00edsima Concepci\u00f3n, Concepci\u00f3n 4070129, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1671","DOI":"10.1007\/s00421-023-05189-1","article-title":"Mental Fatigue Impairs Physical Performance but Not the Neural Drive to the Muscle: A Preliminary Analysis","volume":"123","year":"2023","journal-title":"Eur. 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