{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,28]],"date-time":"2026-07-28T11:30:18Z","timestamp":1785238218201,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,10]],"date-time":"2025-03-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1741564800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Shizuoka Prefecture","award":["21H04850"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["21H04850"]}]},{"name":"Shizuoka Prefecture","award":["JP19K14044"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JP19K14044"]}]},{"name":"Shizuoka Prefecture","award":["JP23K12685"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JP23K12685"]}]},{"name":"Shizuoka Prefecture","award":["JP23KJ0961"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JP23KJ0961"]}]},{"name":"The Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology of Japan","award":["21H04850"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["21H04850"]}]},{"name":"The Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology of Japan","award":["JP19K14044"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JP19K14044"]}]},{"name":"The Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology of Japan","award":["JP23K12685"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JP23K12685"]}]},{"name":"The Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology of Japan","award":["JP23KJ0961"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JP23KJ0961"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"JSPS KAKENHI","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["21H04850"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["21H04850"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"JSPS KAKENHI","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["JP19K14044"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JP19K14044"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"JSPS KAKENHI","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["JP23K12685"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JP23K12685"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"JSPS KAKENHI","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["JP23KJ0961"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JP23KJ0961"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background\/Objectives: Low masticatory function has been proposed as a risk factor for sarcopenia. This study investigated its potential association with body composition and physical performance in community-dwelling older adults. Methods: Participants included adults aged \u226565 years (643 men; 797 women) who volunteered for a longitudinal cohort study. Masticatory function was objectively assessed using gummy jelly and subjectively evaluated via a structured questionnaire. The skeletal muscle mass, body mass index, waist circumference, handgrip strength, gait speed, and five-time chair-stand test were assessed. Results: Objectively measured masticatory function was classified as low (12.6%), moderate (38.0%), or high (49.4%). In men, masticatory function was significantly associated with skeletal muscle mass index (low, moderate, and high: 7.4, 7.7, and 7.7 kg\/m2; p = 0.005), handgrip strength (31.8, 34.2, and 35.5 kg; p &lt; 0.001), and gait speed (1.3, 1.4, and 1.4 m\/s; p = 0.003). In women, low masticatory function was linked to a higher body mass index (22.9, 22.0, and 21.9 kg\/m2; p = 0.028) and waist circumference (82.9, 80.8, and 80.4 cm; p = 0.041). Moreover, these significant associations persisted after adjusting for covariates. Discrepancies were observed between objective and subjective measures of masticatory function, with approximately 40% of participants showing low objective masticatory function, perceiving their chewing ability as normal. Subjective masticatory function exhibited no significant associations with anthropometric measures or sarcopenia components. Conclusions: In men, objectively measured low masticatory function was associated with reduced skeletal muscle mass and poor physical performance; in women, it was linked to higher body mass index.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu17060968","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,10]],"date-time":"2025-03-10T12:02:59Z","timestamp":1741608179000},"page":"968","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Sex Differences in the Association Between Masticatory Function and Sarcopenia Components: The Shizuoka Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6721-0422","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sayaka","family":"Nagao-Sato","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Health and Welfare, Takasaki University of Health and Welfare, Gunma 370-0033, Japan"},{"name":"Graduate School of Humanities and Sciences, Ochanomizu University, Tokyo 112-8610, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4164-0939","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Osamu","family":"Kushida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yasunari","family":"Kurita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Shizuoka Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health Science, Tokoha University, Shizuoka 420-0831, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1225-8303","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Etsuko","family":"Ozaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology for Community Health and Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6859-535X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nagato","family":"Kuriyama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate School of Public Health, Shizuoka Graduate University of Public Health, Shizuoka 420-0881, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michitaka","family":"Kato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Shizuoka Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health Science, Tokoha University, Shizuoka 420-0831, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3545-5980","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rie","family":"Akamatsu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Natural Science Division, Faculty of Core Research, Ochanomizu University, Tokyo 112-8610, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8450-1720","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Toshinao","family":"Goda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4505-7951","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yasuharu","family":"Tabara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate School of Public Health, Shizuoka Graduate University of Public Health, Shizuoka 420-0881, Japan"},{"name":"Center for Genomic Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"3","article-title":"Measuring oral health: A conceptual framework","volume":"5","author":"Locker","year":"1988","journal-title":"Community Dent Health"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1111\/ger.12347","article-title":"Oral hypofunction in the older population: Position paper of the Japanese Society of Gerodontology in 2016","volume":"35","author":"Minakuchi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Gerodontology"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.1016\/j.archger.2014.08.005","article-title":"Systematic review of the association of mastication with food and nutrient intake in the independent elderly","volume":"59","author":"Tada","year":"2014","journal-title":"Arch. 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