{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T01:05:31Z","timestamp":1760058331859,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,26]],"date-time":"2025-03-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1742947200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005322","name":"Recep Tayyip Erdo\u011fan University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["TSA-2021-1238"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["TSA-2021-1238"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005322","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Introduction: There are many studies on the chemical and enzymatic interactions of probiotics, and the effects of Lactobacillus plantarum 299v on iron absorption have been clearly shown. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of probiotics on the absorption of iron in molasses. Material and method: Wistar rats (n = 46) were taken four weeks after birth and divided into seven groups. Iron deficiency anemia was induced by giving \u201ciron purified pellet\u201d to the groups except the control group for four weeks and then the groups were given nutrients for eight weeks. In addition to iron deficiency anemia tests, immunohistochemical markers such as SCL11a, IRE1, Wnt2, and CD71 were examined. Results: The mean weight of the subjects was 309.5 \u00b1 63.9 (226\u2013424) g and no significant difference was observed in the laboratory values of metabolic data. When the laboratory values of iron deficiency anemia were examined, a statistically significant difference was found between the mean ferritin (p = 0.03) and hepcidin (p = 0.02) values of the groups. Discussion: Iron absorption analysis values were generally higher in the group receiving Fe3+ as expected. However, when the groups receiving molasses and additives were compared, the highest plasma iron level and Hb value were found in the Lactobacillus plantarum 299v group, and the highest ferritin and hepcidin levels were found in the Multiprobiotic group. No difference was observed between the body weights and fasting serum glucose levels of the groups despite daily molasses consumption, indicating the metabolic proactive effects of probiotics. Conclusions: Although no significant difference was detected between the groups receiving probiotics, iron absorption in molasses was increased with probiotic supplementation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu17071150","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,26]],"date-time":"2025-03-26T09:13:26Z","timestamp":1742980406000},"page":"1150","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Can Iron Absorption in Molasses Be Increased with Probiotic Additives? \u201cMolasses with Increased Bioavailability\u201d"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0602-7795","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yasin","family":"Y\u0131ld\u0131z","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Recep Tayyip Erdo\u011fan University, 53200 Rize, T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4730-5015","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Atilla","family":"Top\u00e7u","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Recep Tayyip Erdo\u011fan University, 53200 Rize, T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8506-1755","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tolga","family":"Mercantepe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Recep Tayyip Erdo\u011fan University, 53200 Rize, T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8321-4829","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Medeni","family":"Arpa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Recep Tayyip Erdo\u011fan University, 53200 Rize, T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2987-0483","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"\u0130lknur Esen","family":"Y\u0131ld\u0131z","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Recep Tayyip Erdo\u011fan University, 53200 Rize, T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5387-4666","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Levent","family":"T\u00fcmkaya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Ondokuz May\u0131s University, 55139 Rize, T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"46","article-title":"Some Physical, Chemical and Microbiological Properties of \u00c7alma Pekmez Produced in Tokat Region, Turkey","volume":"11","year":"2013","journal-title":"Akad. G\u0131da."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1080\/10942910701233389","article-title":"Some Physical, Chemical, and Rheological Properties of Sweet Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L) Moench) Pekmez (Molasses)","volume":"11","author":"Akbulut","year":"2008","journal-title":"Int. J. Food Prop."},{"key":"ref_3","first-page":"181","article-title":"Determination of Some Physical, Chemical and Antioxidant Properties of Erzincan Traditional Mulberry Pekmez (Molasses)","volume":"9","author":"Arslaner","year":"2021","journal-title":"Turk. J. Agric. Food Sci. Technol."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1080\/09637480701695609","article-title":"Comparison of mineral contents of mulberry (Morus spp.) fruits and their pekmez (boiled mulberry juice) samples","volume":"60","author":"Akbulut","year":"2009","journal-title":"Int. J. Food Sci. Nutr."},{"key":"ref_5","first-page":"40","article-title":"Iron physiopathology and approach to iron deficiency anemia: New treatment strategies","volume":"1","author":"Cifci","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Health Sci. Med."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1195","DOI":"10.1017\/S000711451500241X","article-title":"Probiotic strain Lactobacillus plantarum 299v increases iron absorption from an iron-supplemented fruit drink: A double-isotope cross-over single-blind study in women of reproductive age","volume":"114","author":"Hoppe","year":"2015","journal-title":"Br. J. Nutr."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2018.12.026","article-title":"Use of a Probiotic to Enhance Iron Absorption in a Randomized Trial of Pediatric Patients Presenting with Iron Deficiency","volume":"207","author":"Rosen","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Pediatr."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4713","DOI":"10.1007\/s00253-017-8207-7","article-title":"Genetically engineered Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 synbiotic counters fructose-induced metabolic syndrome and iron deficiency","volume":"101","author":"Chaudhari","year":"2017","journal-title":"Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Vonderheid, S.C., Tussing-Humphreys, L., Park, C., Pauls, H., Hemphill, N.O., LaBomascus, B., McLeod, A., and Koenig, M.D. (2019). A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis on the Effects of Probiotic Species on Iron Absorption and Iron Status. Nutrients, 11.","DOI":"10.3390\/nu11122938"},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.3177\/jnsv.45.359","article-title":"Differences in the effect of iron-deficient diet on tissue weight, hemoglobin concentration and serum triglycerides in Fischer-344, Sprague-Dawley and Wistar rats","volume":"45","author":"Kasaoka","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Nutr. Sci. Vitaminol."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2553","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.201545642","article-title":"Low dietary iron intake restrains the intestinal inflammatory response and pathology of enteric infection by food-borne bacterial pathogens","volume":"45","author":"Kortman","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur. J. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.1007\/s12011-019-1658-1","article-title":"The Effect of Multispecies Probiotic Supplementation on Iron Status in Rats","volume":"192","author":"Skrypnik","year":"2019","journal-title":"Biol. Trace Element Res."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"252","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.15-276840","article-title":"The microbiota shifts the iron sensing of intestinal cells","volume":"30","author":"Deschemin","year":"2015","journal-title":"FASEB J."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1080\/87559120500222714","article-title":"Pekmez: A Traditional Concentrated Fruit Product","volume":"21","author":"Karababa","year":"2005","journal-title":"Food Rev. Int."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"308","DOI":"10.1080\/10408363.2019.1711360","article-title":"Fructose and hepatic insulin resistance","volume":"57","author":"Softic","year":"2020","journal-title":"Crit. Rev. Clin. Lab. Sci."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3153","DOI":"10.3390\/nu6083153","article-title":"The Effects of Fructose-Containing Sugars on Weight, Body Composition and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors When Consumed at up to the 90th Percentile Population Consumption Level for Fructose","volume":"6","author":"Lowndes","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cerd\u00f3, T., Garc\u00eda-Santos, J.A., Berm\u00fadez, M.G., and Campoy, C. (2019). The Role of Probiotics and Prebiotics in the Prevention and Treatment of Obesity. Nutrients, 11.","DOI":"10.3390\/nu11030635"},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1607","DOI":"10.1038\/ijo.2017.161","article-title":"Effect of Lactobacillus on body weight and body fat in overweight subjects: A systematic review of randomized controlled clinical trials","volume":"41","author":"Crovesy","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int. J. Obes."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.1016\/j.medcli.2018.09.007","article-title":"Effect of probiotics on lipid profiles in hypercholesterolaemic adults: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials","volume":"152","author":"Mo","year":"2018","journal-title":"Med. Clin."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1088","DOI":"10.1097\/MIB.0000000000001161","article-title":"Dietary Iron and Heme Iron Consumption, Genetic Susceptibility, and Risk of Crohn\u2019s Disease and Ulcerative Colitis","volume":"23","author":"Khalili","year":"2017","journal-title":"Inflamm. Bowel Dis."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.1007\/s10354-016-0508-4","article-title":"Iron, microbiota and colorectal cancer","volume":"166","author":"Ng","year":"2016","journal-title":"Wien. Med. Wochenschr."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02867982","article-title":"Effect of iron deficiency on developing rat brain","volume":"17","author":"Batra","year":"2002","journal-title":"Indian J. Clin. Biochem."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1258","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI24356","article-title":"Slc11a2 is required for intestinal iron absorption and erythropoiesis but dispensable in placenta and liver","volume":"115","author":"Gunshin","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Clin. Investig."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18726","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.REV119.007036","article-title":"Emerging roles for the ER stress sensor IRE1\u03b1 in metabolic regulation and disease","volume":"294","author":"Huang","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106366","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2022.106366","article-title":"Iron deficiency promotes aortic media degeneration by activating endoplasmic reticulum stress-mediated IRE1 signaling pathway","volume":"183","author":"Shi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Res."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7628","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-11-2745","article-title":"Wnt Inhibitor Screen Reveals Iron Dependence of \u03b2-Catenin Signaling in Cancers","volume":"71","author":"Song","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2022.06.236","article-title":"Canonical Wnt signaling works downstream of iron overload to prevent ferroptosis from damaging osteoblast differentiation","volume":"188","author":"Luo","year":"2022","journal-title":"Free. Radic. Biol. Med."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1007\/s00394-015-0857-6","article-title":"Increased iron bioavailability from lactic-fermented vegetables is likely an effect of promoting the formation of ferric iron (Fe3+)","volume":"55","author":"Scheers","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur. J. Nutr."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.3345\/kjp.2018.07024","article-title":"The role of Lactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938 for the absorption of iron preparations in children with iron deficiency anemia","volume":"62","author":"Manoppo","year":"2019","journal-title":"Korean J. Pediatr."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1578","DOI":"10.1017\/S1368980013001742","article-title":"Home fortification with calcium reduces Hb response to iron among anaemic Bangladeshi infants consuming a new multi-micronutrient powder formulation","volume":"17","author":"Khan","year":"2013","journal-title":"Public Health Nutr."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hoppe, M., \u00d6nning, G., and Hulth\u00e9n, L. (2017). Freeze-dried Lactobacillus plantarum 299v increases iron absorption in young females\u2014Double isotope sequential single-blind studies in menstruating women. PLoS ONE, 12.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0189141"},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12951-023-01880-9","article-title":"Iron oxide nanoparticles carried by probiotics for iron absorption: A systematic review","volume":"21","author":"Ciont","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Nanobiotechnol."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"374","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2017.02.008","article-title":"Identification of the key excreted molecule by Lactobacillus fermentum related to host iron absorption","volume":"228","author":"Reyes","year":"2017","journal-title":"Food Chem."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1785","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.bioconjchem.8b00245","article-title":"Bacteria-Carried Iron Oxide Nanoparticles for Treatment of Anemia","volume":"29","author":"Olivares","year":"2018","journal-title":"Bioconj. Chem."},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1007\/s00449-020-02417-2","article-title":"The effect of iron oxide nanoparticles on Lactobacillus acidophilus growth at pH 4","volume":"44","author":"Novin","year":"2021","journal-title":"Bioprocess Biosyst. Eng."},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rusu, I.G., Suharoschi, R., Vodnar, D.C., Pop, C.R., Socaci, S.A., Vulturar, R., Istrati, M., Moro\u0219an, I., F\u0103rca\u0219, A.C., and Kerezsi, A.D. (2020). Iron Supplementation Influence on the Gut Microbiota and Probiotic Intake Effect in Iron Deficiency\u2014A Literature-Based Review. Nutrients, 12.","DOI":"10.3390\/nu12071993"}],"container-title":["Nutrients"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2072-6643\/17\/7\/1150\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,9]],"date-time":"2025-10-09T17:02:17Z","timestamp":1760029337000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2072-6643\/17\/7\/1150"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,26]]},"references-count":36,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]}},"alternative-id":["nu17071150"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/nu17071150","relation":{},"ISSN":["2072-6643"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"2072-6643"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,26]]}}}