{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,14]],"date-time":"2026-09-14T19:29:56Z","timestamp":1789414196252,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,28]],"date-time":"2025-03-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743120000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities","award":["FPU22\/01631"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FPU22\/01631"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background\/Objectives: Sports performance is influenced by a complex interplay of physical, physiological, and psychological factors, which differ across disciplines. Thus, this study aims to identify and compare the distinct multidimensional profiles (i.e., body composition, diet, resting metabolic rate, physical activity, sleep quality, and subjective well-being) of athletes from different sports disciplines (i.e., endurance, strength, and intermittent sports). Methods: This study included 77 athletes (28 women) classified as endurance (n = 40), strength (n = 12), or intermittent (n = 25). Body composition was assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, bioimpedance, and anthropometry, diet was determined using dietary recalls, resting metabolic rate was assessed by indirect calorimetry, physical activity and sleep quality were determined by a wrist-worn accelerometer, and subjective well-being was determined through validated questionnaires. Results: Strength and intermittent athletes had greater body weight, lean mass, and bone parameters than endurance athletes, whereas intermittent athletes showed higher adiposity than endurance levels (all p \u2264 0.008). The endurance group did not exhibit a higher intake of fats or proteins compared to the strength and intermittent groups; however, it did demonstrate a higher consumption of carbohydrates (p \u2264 0.016). No differences were observed in resting metabolic rate, sleep quality, and subjective well-being, though endurance athletes demonstrated higher levels of vigorous physical activity than strength athletes (p = 0.014). Conclusions: In conclusion, we reveal a distinct physiological phenotype between strength, intermittent, and endurance athletes in terms of body composition, dietary intake, and physical activity levels. These findings underscore the necessity for tailored training and nutrition protocols depending on the sports discipline.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu17071172","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,28]],"date-time":"2025-03-28T03:35:28Z","timestamp":1743132928000},"page":"1172","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Multidimensional Differences Between Athletes of Endurance, Strength, and Intermittent Sports: Body Composition, Diet, Resting Metabolic Rate, Physical Activity, Sleep Quality, and Subjective Well-Being"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Marcos","family":"Rueda-Cordoba","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sports Science, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain"},{"name":"Department of Health Research, Icen Canary University, 38002 Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-8072-0116","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juan J.","family":"Martin-Olmedo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sports Science, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain"},{"name":"Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, 18001 Granada, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sergio","family":"Espinar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Research, Icen Canary University, 38002 Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain"},{"name":"Faculty of Health Sciences, Catholic University of Murcia, 30107 Murcia, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7548-7138","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jonatan R.","family":"Ruiz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sports Science, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain"},{"name":"Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Biosanitaria (Ibs), 18012 Granada, Spain"},{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red Fisiopatolog\u00eda de la Obesidad y Nutrici\u00f3n (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5254-1816","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lucas","family":"Jurado-Fasoli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, 18001 Granada, Spain"},{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red Fisiopatolog\u00eda de la Obesidad y Nutrici\u00f3n (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"538","DOI":"10.1123\/ijspp.2018-0093","article-title":"An Integrated, Multifactorial Approach to Periodization for Optimal Performance in Individual and Team Sports","volume":"13","author":"Mujika","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. 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