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This study aimed to determine the hepatoprotective activity of finger citron essential oil (FCEO) in alcoholic liver disease (ALD)-afflicted rats and explore its underlying mechanisms. In order to identify the effective components, we compared the effects of FCEO and D-limonene. Methods: The regulatory effects of FCEO on metabolic enzymes were systematically evaluated through in vitro experiments. In vivo studies were conducted to investigate and compare the hepatoprotective effects of FCEO and D-limonene. Staining methods, assay kits, and Western Blot were used to determine the roles of FCEO and D-limonene in the ALD rats. Results: We found that FCEO downregulated phase I metabolic enzymes and upregulated phase II metabolic enzymes in Buffalo Rat Liver-3A (BRL-3A) cells. FCEO and\/or D-limonene intervention reduced transaminase levels in ALD rats and effectively alleviated inflammatory cell infiltration and lipid droplet accumulation in their liver tissue. Additionally, FCEO and D-limonene played a regulatory role in oxidative stress and inflammation-related pathways such as the MAPK\/Nrf2 and NF-\u03baB\/AMPK pathways. FCEO was superior to D-limonene as an antioxidant in alleviating alcoholic liver injury. Conclusions: This study revealed the alleviative effects and mechanisms of FCEO on alcoholic liver injury, demonstrating better efficacy compared to its monomer, thus providing a strategy for the development and utilization of finger citron resources.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu17071255","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,4]],"date-time":"2025-04-04T03:36:45Z","timestamp":1743737805000},"page":"1255","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Role in Preventing Alcoholic Liver Disease Progression: A Comparative Study of Whole-Component Finger Citron Essential Oil and Its Major Component D-Limonene"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Jingxin","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China"},{"name":"Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, Guangzhou 510642, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Genghua","family":"Ou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China"},{"name":"Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, Guangzhou 510642, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenting","family":"Gu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China"},{"name":"Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, Guangzhou 510642, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jian","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China"},{"name":"Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, Guangzhou 510642, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ruiying","family":"Lyu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China"},{"name":"Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, Guangzhou 510642, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xueping","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China"},{"name":"Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, Guangzhou 510642, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Junming","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China"},{"name":"Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, Guangzhou 510642, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4354-9151","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chunhong","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China"},{"name":"Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, Guangzhou 510642, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2013.03.007","article-title":"Global burden of alcoholic liver diseases","volume":"59","author":"Rehm","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. 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