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PRE2022-104138"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Ref. PRE2022-104138"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background\/Objectives: Recently, interest in studying food addiction (FA) in the context of behavioral addictions (BAs) has increased. However, research remains limited to determine the FA prevalence among various BAs. The current study aimed to investigate FA in a clinical sample of patients seeking treatment for gaming disorder, compulsive buying-shopping disorder (CBSD), compulsive sexual behavior disorder, and the comorbid presence of multiple BAs, as well as to determine the sociodemographic characteristics, personality traits, and general psychopathology of this clinical population. In addition, we analyzed whether FA is linked to a higher mean body mass index (BMI). Methods: The sample included 209 patients (135 men and 74 women) attending a specialized behavioral addiction unit. The assessment included a semi-structured clinical interview for the diagnosis of the abovementioned BAs, in addition to self-reported psychometric assessments for FA (using the Yale Food Addiction Scale 2. 0, YFAS-2), CBSD (using the Pathological Buying Screener, PBS), general psychopathology (using the Symptom Checklist-Revised, SCL-90-R), personality traits (using the Temperament and Character Inventory-Revised, TCI-R), emotional regulation (using Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Strategies, DERS), and impulsivity (using Impulsive Behavior Scale, UPPS-P). The comparison between the groups for the clinical profile was performed using logistic regression (categorical variables) and analysis of covariance (ANCOVA), adjusted based on the patients\u2019 gender. The sociodemographic profile was based on chi-square tests for categorical variables and analysis of variance (ANOVA) for quantitative measures. Results: The prevalence of FA in the total sample was 22.49%. The highest prevalence of FA was observed in CBSD (31.3%), followed by gaming disorder (24.7%), and the comorbid presence of multiple BAs (14.3%). No group differences (FA+\/\u2212) were found in relation to sociodemographic variables, but the comorbidity between FA and any BA was associated more with females as well as having greater general psychopathology, greater emotional dysregulation, higher levels of impulsivity, and a higher mean BMI. Conclusions: The comorbidity between FA and BA is high compared to previous studies (22.49%), and it is also associated with greater severity and dysfunctionality. Emotional distress levels were high, which suggests that the group with this comorbidity may be employing FA behaviors to cope with psychological distress. However, a better understanding of the latent mechanisms that contribute to the progression of this multifaceted comorbid clinical disorder is needed. One aspect that future studies could consider is to explore the existence of FA symptoms early and routinely in patients with BAs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu17071279","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,7]],"date-time":"2025-04-07T03:23:07Z","timestamp":1743996187000},"page":"1279","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Exploring Food Addiction Across Several Behavioral Addictions: Analysis of Clinical Relevance"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Anah\u00ed","family":"Gaspar-P\u00e9rez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Doctoral Program in Clinical and Health Psychology, University of Barcelona, 08007 Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Psychology, University Hospital of Bellvitge, 08908 Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Psychoneurobiology of Eating and Addictive Behaviors Group, Neuroscience Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), 08908 Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Ciber Fisiopatolog\u00eda Obesidad y Nutrici\u00f3n (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6308-3198","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Roser","family":"Granero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Psychoneurobiology of Eating and Addictive Behaviors Group, Neuroscience Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), 08908 Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Ciber Fisiopatolog\u00eda Obesidad y Nutrici\u00f3n (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Department of Psychobiology and Methodology, Autonomous University of Barcelona, 08193 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2968-9898","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fernando","family":"Fern\u00e1ndez-Aranda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Psychology, University Hospital of Bellvitge, 08908 Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Psychoneurobiology of Eating and Addictive Behaviors Group, Neuroscience Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), 08908 Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Ciber Fisiopatolog\u00eda Obesidad y Nutrici\u00f3n (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08007 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Magda","family":"Rosinska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Psychology, University Hospital of Bellvitge, 08908 Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Psychoneurobiology of Eating and Addictive Behaviors Group, Neuroscience Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), 08908 Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Ciber Fisiopatolog\u00eda Obesidad y Nutrici\u00f3n (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-2147-8790","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cristina","family":"Artero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Psychology, University Hospital of Bellvitge, 08908 Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Psychoneurobiology of Eating and Addictive Behaviors Group, Neuroscience Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), 08908 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8372-2329","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Silvia","family":"Ruiz-Torras","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Doctoral Program in Clinical and Health Psychology, University of Barcelona, 08007 Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Centre for Psychological Services, University of Barcelona (UB), 08035 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ashley N","family":"Gearhardt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5604-7551","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zsolt","family":"Demetrovics","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Mental Health and Wellbeing, College of Education, Psychology and Social Work, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA 5042, Australia"},{"name":"Institute of Psychology, ELTE E\u00f6tv\u00f6s Lor\u00e1nd University, 1053 Budapest, Hungary"},{"name":"Center of Excellence in Responsible Gaming, University of Gibraltar, Gibraltar GX11 1AA, Gibraltar"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4275-9184","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joan","family":"Gu\u00e0rdia-Olmos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Facultat de Psicologia, Secci\u00f3 de Psicologia Quantitativa, Universitat de Barcelona, 08007 Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"UB Institute of Complex Systems, Universitat de Barcelona, 08007 Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Institute of Neuroscience, Universitat de Barcelona, 08007 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3596-8033","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Susana","family":"Jim\u00e9nez-Murcia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of 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