{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,29]],"date-time":"2026-10-29T22:28:44Z","timestamp":1793312924829,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,11]],"date-time":"2025-04-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1744329600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Targeted Research Grants, Prince of Songkla University","award":["60\u2013455\u201301\u20131"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["60\u2013455\u201301\u20131"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background\/Objectives: Severe infection (sInfection; either late-onset culture-proven sepsis or necrotizing enterocolitis) in very low birth weight (VLBW) infants increases mortality rates and may show long-term progression. The fecal microbiome composition in VLBW infants with and without sInfection was classified in the sInfection and non-sInfection groups. Methods: Gut microbiomes, secondary information from a previous randomized trial, were analyzed using QIIME 2 software. The biodiversity and abundance of the gut microbiota between the sInfection and non-sInfection groups were compared. Results: Fifty-one neonates were included in the sInfection (n = 9) and non-sInfection (n = 42) groups; no significant differences in the fecal microbiome were observed in both alpha and beta diversities. Analysis of relative abundance revealed that in both groups, the predominant gut microbiota phylum, class, and genus were Proteobacteria, Gammaproteobacteria, and Klebsiella, respectively. The main fecal microbiome in the non-sInfection group included Faecalibacterium, Clostridium butyricum, and Bacteroides fragilis. Clostridium_sensu_stricto _1 was significantly more abundant in the non-sInfection group than in the sInfection group. Conclusions: Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1 was the main gut microbiota in the non-sInfection group. Considering the potential taxa as synbiotics (correlations among prebiotics, probiotics, and postbiotics), therapeutics may be useful for preventing and managing necrotizing enterocolitis or late-onset culture-proven sepsis in VLBW infants.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu17081329","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,11]],"date-time":"2025-04-11T06:45:31Z","timestamp":1744353931000},"page":"1329","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Butyrate Producers in Very Low Birth Weight Infants with Neither Culture-Proven Sepsis nor Necrotizing Enterocolitis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2363-6362","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anucha","family":"Thatrimontrichai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla 90110, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9176-7383","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Manapat","family":"Praditaukrit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla 90110, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6332-3216","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gunlawadee","family":"Maneenil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla 90110, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Supaporn","family":"Dissaneevate","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla 90110, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0063-7787","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kamonnut","family":"Singkhamanan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla 90110, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7793-7561","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Komwit","family":"Surachat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla 90110, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"771","DOI":"10.5372\/1905-7415.0806.356","article-title":"Trends in neonatal sepsis in a neonatal intensive care unit in Thailand before and after construction of a new facility","volume":"8","author":"Thatrimontrichai","year":"2014","journal-title":"Asian Biomed"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104854","DOI":"10.1016\/j.earlhumdev.2019.104854","article-title":"The role of the preterm intestinal microbiome in sepsis and necrotising enterocolitis","volume":"138","author":"Masi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Early Hum. 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