{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,10]],"date-time":"2026-09-10T17:36:34Z","timestamp":1789061794836,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":151,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,29]],"date-time":"2025-04-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1745884800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background\/Objectives: Childhood obesity is a growing global concern linked to metabolic disorders such as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) may exacerbate these conditions by promoting systemic inflammation and metabolic dysfunction. This review evaluates the prevalence of SIBO in obese children, its association with inflammatory and metabolic markers, and the efficacy of diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. Methods: A systematic search of PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science (2010\u2013present) was conducted using Boolean operators: (\u2018small intestinal bacterial overgrowth\u2019 OR \u2018SIBO\u2019) AND \u2018prevalence\u2019 AND (\u2018low-grade inflammatory markers\u2019 OR \u2018metabolic status\u2019) AND \u2018gut microbiome\u2019 AND \u2018dysbiosis\u2019 AND \u2018obese children\u2019. Results: The data show that SIBO is frequently observed in obese pediatric populations and is associated with gut dysbiosis, impaired nutrient absorption, and reduced production of short-chain fatty acids. These changes contribute to increased intestinal permeability, endotoxemia, and chronic low-grade inflammation. Several microbial taxa have been proposed as biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Diagnostic inconsistencies persist, but treatments such as probiotics, prebiotics, dietary interventions, and selective antibiotics show potential, pending further validation. Conclusions: Early identification and treatment of SIBO with tailored strategies may help reduce metabolic complications and improve outcomes in children with obesity.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu17091499","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,29]],"date-time":"2025-04-29T09:00:39Z","timestamp":1745917239000},"page":"1499","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth and Pediatric Obesity\u2014A Systematic Review"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-6763-5631","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana Maria","family":"Koller","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Doctoral School, \u201cGeorge Emil Palade\u201d University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Targu Mures, Gheorghe Marinescu Street No 38, 540136 Targu Mures, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8156-7460","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria Oana","family":"S\u0103s\u0103ran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics 3, \u201cGeorge Emil Palade\u201d University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Targu Mures, Gheorghe Marinescu Street No 38, 540136 Targu Mures, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2119-1726","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cristina Oana","family":"M\u0103rginean","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics 1, \u201cGeorge Emil Palade\u201d University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Targu Mures, Gheorghe Marinescu Street No 38, 540136 Targu Mures, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-789X.2004.00133.x","article-title":"IASO International Obesity TaskForce Obesity in children and young people: A crisis in public health","volume":"5","author":"Lobstein","year":"2004","journal-title":"Obes. 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