{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T01:13:54Z","timestamp":1760058834005,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,5]],"date-time":"2025-05-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746403200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Children\u2019s Investment Fund Foundation (CIFF)"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background\/Objectives: Iron deficiency anemia in pregnancy poses risks to mothers and infants. This study aimed to correlate maternal iron indices in the second trimester with cord blood indices and pregnancy outcomes. Methods: This prospective cohort study was nested within the RAPIDIRON Trial (Reducing Anaemia in Pregnancy in India) at Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Karnataka, India. A total of 292 pregnant women with moderate anemia who received oral iron supplementation were enrolled from April 2021 to May 2023. Maternal iron indices were measured at multiple time points and correlated with cord blood indices and pregnancy outcomes. Results: Increased hemoglobin levels were observed in mothers of preterm and term neonates from 8.92 \u00b1 0.81 vs. 9.02 \u00b1 0.77 g\/dL at 12\u201316 weeks to 11.14 \u00b1 1.31 vs. 10.73 \u00b1 1.24 g\/dL at 26\u201330 weeks. A similar trend was observed in mothers across birth weight groups. Ferritin and TSAT levels significantly increased in all outcome groups (p &lt; 0.001), peaking at 20\u201324 weeks and then slightly declining at 26\u201330 weeks. Additionally, maternal sTfR levels significantly improved from the early (7.72 \u00b1 1.33 vs. 7.51 \u00b1 1.61) to late second trimester (5.87 \u00b1 0.81 vs. 5.76 \u00b1 1.11) in mothers of both anemic and non-anemic neonates (p &lt; 0.001). Maternal sTfR in other outcome groups also showed a similar pattern. A negligible correlation was found between maternal and cord blood iron indices. Conclusions: Maternal iron indices increased from the early to mid-second trimester, followed by a slight fall in the late second trimester. Notably, higher iron indices were observed in mothers of preterm and low-birth-weight neonates.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu17091584","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,5]],"date-time":"2025-05-05T03:05:15Z","timestamp":1746414315000},"page":"1584","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Relationship Between Maternal Iron Indices in the Second Trimester with Cord Blood Iron Indices and Pregnancy Outcomes: A Prospective Cohort Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"J. P.","family":"Akshaykirthan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, Belagavi 590010, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8871-5072","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Manjunath S.","family":"Somannavar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, Belagavi 590010, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8547-2901","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M. S.","family":"Deepthy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Women\u2019s & Children\u2019s Health Research Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, Belagavi 590010, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1726-2798","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Umesh","family":"Charantimath","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Community Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, Belagavi 590010, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Yogeshkumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Community Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, Belagavi 590010, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1976-2606","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amaresh","family":"Patil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Women\u2019s & Children\u2019s Health Research Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, Belagavi 590010, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mrutyunjaya B.","family":"Bellad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, Belagavi 590010, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Richard","family":"Derman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Global Affairs, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8680-7053","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shivaprasad S.","family":"Goudar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, Belagavi 590010, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e000759","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjgast-2021-000759","article-title":"Iron Deficiency Anaemia: Pathophysiology, Assessment, Practical Management","volume":"9","author":"Kumar","year":"2022","journal-title":"BMJ Open Gastroenterol."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"596","DOI":"10.1111\/ejh.14372","article-title":"Hematologic complications of pregnancy","volume":"114","author":"Patel","year":"2025","journal-title":"Eur. 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Obstet."}],"container-title":["Nutrients"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2072-6643\/17\/9\/1584\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,9]],"date-time":"2025-10-09T17:27:08Z","timestamp":1760030828000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2072-6643\/17\/9\/1584"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,5]]},"references-count":48,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]}},"alternative-id":["nu17091584"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/nu17091584","relation":{},"ISSN":["2072-6643"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"2072-6643"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,5]]}}}