{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T05:01:22Z","timestamp":1787029282198,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":65,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,5]],"date-time":"2025-05-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746403200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Research Units of Discovery of Unknown Bacteria and Function","award":["2018RU010"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2018RU010"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Metabolic-dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is the most prevalent chronic liver disorder globally. Probiotic supplementation has shown promise in its prevention and treatment. Although Weissella viridescens, a lactic acid bacterium with immunomodulatory effects, has antibacterial and anti-inflammatory activities, there is a lack of direct evidence for its role in alleviating MASLD. This study aimed to investigate the protective effects of W. viridescens strain Wv2365, isolated from healthy human feces, in a high-fat diet (HFD)-induced rat model of MASLD. Methods: Rats were randomly assigned to a normal chow diet (NC), high-fat diet (HFD), and HFD supplemented with W. viridescens Wv2365 (Wv2365) groups. All groups were fed their respective diets for 8 weeks. During this period, the NC and HFD groups received a daily oral gavage of PBS, while the Wv2365 group received a daily oral gavage of Wv2365. Results: Wv2365 supplementation significantly reduced HFD-induced body weight gain, improved NAFLD activity scores, alleviated hepatic injury, and restored lipid metabolism. A liver transcriptomic analysis revealed the downregulation of inflammation-related pathways, along with decreased serum levels of TNF-\u03b1, IL-1\u03b2, IL-6, MCP-1, and LPS. Wv2365 also activated the Nrf2\/HO-1 antioxidant pathway, enhanced hepatic antioxidant enzyme activities and reduced malondialdehyde levels. A gut microbiota analysis showed the enrichment of beneficial genera, including Butyricicoccus, Akkermansia, and Blautia. Serum metabolomic profiling revealed increased levels of metabolites including indole-3-propionic acid, indoleacrylic acid, and glycolithocholic acid. Conclusions: Wv2365 attenuates hepatic injury, oxidative stress, and inflammation in a rat model of high-fat-diet-induced MASLD, supporting its potential as a probiotic candidate for the modulation of MASLD.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu17091585","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,5]],"date-time":"2025-05-05T04:31:36Z","timestamp":1746419496000},"page":"1585","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Weissella viridescens Attenuates Hepatic Injury, Oxidative Stress, and Inflammation in a Rat Model of High-Fat Diet-Induced MASLD"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-9003-5620","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shuwei","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China"},{"name":"National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-4502-1094","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ruiqing","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ruoshi","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yao","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mingchao","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050010, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoying","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China"},{"name":"National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and 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Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qianhua","family":"Fan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China"},{"name":"National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China"},{"name":"Research Units of Discovery of Unknown Bacteria and Function, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 102206, China"},{"name":"Hebei Key Laboratory of Intractable Pathogens, Shijiazhuang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shijiazhuang 050011, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liyun","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China"},{"name":"Research Units of Discovery of Unknown Bacteria and Function, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 102206, China"},{"name":"Hebei Key Laboratory of Intractable Pathogens, Shijiazhuang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shijiazhuang 050011, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jianguo","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China"},{"name":"National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China"},{"name":"Research Units of Discovery of Unknown Bacteria and Function, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 102206, China"},{"name":"Hebei Key Laboratory of Intractable Pathogens, Shijiazhuang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shijiazhuang 050011, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1212","DOI":"10.1097\/HEP.0000000000000670","article-title":"Metabolic 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