{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T01:16:12Z","timestamp":1760058972717,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,9]],"date-time":"2025-05-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746748800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"\u201cHundred Talents Program\u201d of Sun Yat-sen University","award":["51000-18841203","82073533"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["51000-18841203","82073533"]}]},{"name":"Natural Science of Funding of China","award":["51000-18841203","82073533"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["51000-18841203","82073533"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Objectives: This study aimed to test the extra-thyroidal impacts of maternal serum iodine concentrations (SICs) on metabolic factors and subsequent pregnancy outcomes. Methods: Single pregnant women aged 18\u201349 years were recruited during their first prenatal visits. SICs at first trimester (T1) were tested by ICP-MS. Metabolic factors [body mass index (BMI), fat %, glucose, lipids, uric acid, and blood pressure] were measured, and composite indices [the triglyceride\u2013glucose (TyG) index, TyG-BMI, and the Framingham steatosis index (FSI)] were estimated. Obstetric and birth outcomes were retrieved from the hospital information system, including gestational diabetes (GDM), gestational hypertension (GH), fetal distress, postpartum hemorrhage, premature rupture of membrane, small and large for gestational age (SGA and LGA), preterm birth, and low birth weight. Multivariable linear and logistic regression models were applied to explore the associations between maternal SIC, metabolic factors, and pregnancy outcomes. Results: A total of 1456 mothers were included for analysis. Maternal LgSIC values at T1 were inversely associated with early gestational weight gain (\u03b2 = \u22120.113, p &lt; 0.001) and BMI at T1 (\u03b2 = \u22120.070, p = 0.006), but they were positively associated with triglycerides (\u03b2 = 0.142, p &lt; 0.001), the TyG index (\u03b2 = 0.137, p &lt; 0.001), and uric acid (\u03b2 = 0.060, p = 0.018). However, upon further adjustment for thyroid hormones, the associations were attenuated. The joint effects of high SIC and metabolic conditions (hyperlipidemia, high FSI, and GH) suggested increased adverse pregnancy outcomes (increased postpartum bleeding, reduced birth length, and reduced delivery weeks). Conclusions: Our prospective data in the iodine replete region indicated that high SICs at T1 were associated with increased risk of metabolic conditions and adverse birth outcomes, with the associations being independent of thyroid hormones.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu17101626","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,9]],"date-time":"2025-05-09T08:20:23Z","timestamp":1746778823000},"page":"1626","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Extra-Thyroidal Impacts of Serum Iodine Concentrations During Early Pregnancy on Metabolic Profiles and Pregnancy Outcomes: Prospective Study Based on Huizhou Mother\u2013Infant Cohort"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Zhaomin","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University (North Campus), Guangzhou 510080, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chaogang","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Nutrition, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510012, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cheng","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Nutrition, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510012, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yaqian","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Huizhou First Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Huizhou 516000, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Minmin","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University (North Campus), Guangzhou 510080, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wenjing","family":"Pan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Huizhou First Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Huizhou 516000, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"bvae143","DOI":"10.1210\/jendso\/bvae143","article-title":"Effects of Metabolic Syndrome on Pregnancy Outcomes in Women Without Polycystic Ovary Syndrome","volume":"8","author":"Li","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. 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