{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T21:06:59Z","timestamp":1777669619894,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,19]],"date-time":"2025-05-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1747612800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Instituto de Salud Carlos III\/MICINN of Spain","award":["PI20\/01758"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PI20\/01758"]}]},{"name":"European Regional Development Fund (FEDER) \u201cA way to build Europe\u201d","award":["PI20\/01758"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PI20\/01758"]}]},{"name":"Fundacion para estudios Endocrino Metabolicos","award":["PI20\/01758"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PI20\/01758"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background\/Objectives: Children\u2019s health may be influenced by maternal eating habits during pregnancy. A Mediterranean diet (MedDiet)-based pattern has been associated with benefits in infectious disease and allergies in children. Methods: From a total 2228 pregnant women evaluated between 2015 and 2017 in the St. Carlos cohort, 1292 women belonging to the intervention group (IG) undertook a MedDiet supplemented with extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) and nuts from early on in pregnancy. The control group (CG) consisted of 516 pregnant women who were advised to follow a fat-restricted MedDiet. The modified 12-point Mediterranean diet adherence screener (MEDAS) was applied. A total of 1808 (81.2%) children were analyzed at 6 years postpartum. All women from both groups received the same postpartum nutritional recommendations as the IG had during pregnancy. Results: Children from the IG showed lower rates of bronchiolitis and atopic eczema compared to the CG. Children whose mother\u2019s MEDAS score was \u22656 at 24\u201328 GW vs. MEDAS scores &lt; 6 presented lower rates of bronchiolitis [222\/695 (28.8%) vs. 441\/1113 (39.6%); p = 0.022] and atopic eczema [311\/695 (39.0%) vs. 564\/1113 (50.7%); p = 0.039]. The offspring of mothers with MEDAS scores \u2265 8 (n = 176) vs. MEDAS scores \u2264 3 (n = 564) showed a lower relative risk (RR) (95% CI) for developing bronchiolitis [0.75 (0.58\u20130.97)] and atopic eczema [0.82 (0.69\u20130.98)], with both having a p &lt; 0.001 trend. Conclusions: A higher adherence to a MedDiet supplemented with EVOO and nuts during pregnancy is associated with health benefits in offspring at 6 years of age.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu17101719","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,19]],"date-time":"2025-05-19T11:54:26Z","timestamp":1747655666000},"page":"1719","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["A Greater Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet Supplemented with Extra Virgin Olive Oil and Nuts During Pregnancy Is Associated with Improved Offspring Health at Six Years of Age"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6154-0869","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Laura","family":"del Valle","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Cl\u00ednico Universitario San Carlos, Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ver\u00f3nica","family":"Melero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Cl\u00ednico Universitario San Carlos, Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andr\u00e9s","family":"Bodas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Paediatrics Department, Hospital Cl\u00ednico Universitario San Carlos, Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-5784-0277","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Roc\u00edo","family":"Mart\u00edn O\u2019Connor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Cl\u00ednico Universitario San Carlos, Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8824-9200","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana","family":"Ramos-Levi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Cl\u00ednico Universitario San Carlos, Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Facultad de Medicina, Medicina II Department, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metab\u00f3licas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), 28029 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2383-1563","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana","family":"Barabash","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Cl\u00ednico Universitario San Carlos, Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Facultad de Medicina, Medicina II Department, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metab\u00f3licas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), 28029 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4562-5381","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Johanna","family":"Valerio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Cl\u00ednico Universitario San Carlos, Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7103-4580","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paz","family":"de Miguel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Cl\u00ednico Universitario San Carlos, Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Facultad de Medicina, Medicina II Department, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8137-5637","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jos\u00e9","family":"D\u00edaz P\u00e9rez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Cl\u00ednico Universitario San Carlos, Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Facultad de Medicina, Medicina II Department, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cristina","family":"Familiar Casado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Cl\u00ednico Universitario San Carlos, Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Inmaculada","family":"Moraga Guerrero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Cl\u00ednico Universitario San Carlos, Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7326-6008","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"In\u00e9s","family":"Jim\u00e9nez-Varas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Cl\u00ednico Universitario San Carlos, Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2090-2784","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Clara","family":"Marcuello Foncillas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Cl\u00ednico Universitario San Carlos, Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4782-9276","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mario","family":"Pazos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Cl\u00ednico Universitario San Carlos, Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0495-6240","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Miguel","family":"Rubio-Herrera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Cl\u00ednico Universitario San Carlos, Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 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Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9844-3755","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pilar","family":"Mat\u00eda-Mart\u00edn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Cl\u00ednico Universitario San Carlos, Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Facultad de Medicina, Medicina II Department, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metab\u00f3licas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), 28029 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3628-9323","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alfonso","family":"Calle-Pascual","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Cl\u00ednico Universitario San Carlos, Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Facultad de Medicina, Medicina II Department, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metab\u00f3licas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), 28029 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1089\/chi.2011.0071","article-title":"Dietary-Related and Physical Activity-Related Predictors of Obesity in Children: A 2-Year Prospective Study","volume":"8","author":"Carlson","year":"2012","journal-title":"Child. 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