{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,22]],"date-time":"2026-07-22T21:10:47Z","timestamp":1784754647772,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,23]],"date-time":"2025-05-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1747958400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Balchem Corporation","award":["UNT-Balchem 2024"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UNT-Balchem 2024"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Long-duration aerobic exercise results in a similar, albeit transient rise and fall in oxidative stress and inflammation, making it a useful model to evaluate nutritional supplements targeting these physiological processes. Objective: To evaluate the impact of MSM supplementation on post-exercise immune response-related mRNA expression. Methods: In the present study, we enrolled healthy, experienced runners (five MSM and five placebo) who were supplemented with Methylsulfonylmethane (MSM; 1.0 g\/d) or placebo for 30 days prior to a 21.1 km running event (120 to 150 min). Venous blood samples were collected prior to (PRE) the event, as well as 2 h and 4 h after the event to measure the expression of 700 mRNAs associated with generalized immune response. Results: This study is the first to demonstrate significant effects with lower MSM doses (0.5\u20131.0 g\/d) compared to previous work using higher doses (3 g\/d). We identified 29 mRNAs in four distinct immune response pathways (peripheral tissue inflammatory response, myeloid immune cell invasion, NK cell invasion\/activity, and notch signaling) whose response was statistically changed with MSM at 2 h and\/or 4 h. Conclusions: Based on the physiologic actions of the mRNA that changed, some logical potential health effects of MSM may be that it helps with the following: (1) supports muscle recovery by improving macrophage response to exercise, (2) speeds up recovery and restoration of damaged muscle tissue, (3) supports innate immune responsiveness to DAMP, and (4) reduces and\/or improves resistance to oxidative stress after exercise. Future research should seek to validate how the changes observed with exercise may model to various chronic inflammatory states.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu17111761","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,23]],"date-time":"2025-05-23T06:35:09Z","timestamp":1747982109000},"page":"1761","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Using the Rise and Fall of Oxidative Stress and Inflammation Post-Exercise to Evaluate the Effect of Methylsulfonylmethane Supplementation on Immune Response mRNA"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3470-6197","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Brian K.","family":"McFarlin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Applied Physiology Laboratory, University of North Texas, Denton, TX 76205, USA"},{"name":"Bioanalysis Center, University of North Texas, Denton, TX 76205, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John H.","family":"Curtis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Applied Physiology Laboratory, University of North Texas, Denton, TX 76205, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1717-9452","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Heidi N.","family":"du Preez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Catalysis and Peptide Research Unit, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4041, South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meredith A.","family":"McFarlin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Applied Physiology Laboratory, University of North Texas, Denton, TX 76205, USA"},{"name":"Bioanalysis Center, University of North Texas, Denton, TX 76205, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5698931","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/5698931","article-title":"Does the Interdependence between Oxidative Stress and Inflammation Explain the Antioxidant Paradox?","volume":"2016","author":"Biswas","year":"2016","journal-title":"Oxid. 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