{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T01:33:51Z","timestamp":1760060031911,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"15","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,25]],"date-time":"2025-07-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1753401600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Chung Shan Medical University","award":["SSMU 110-37"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SSMU 110-37"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Malnutrition and cancer-related fatigue (CRF) are prevalent in cancer patients, significantly impacting prognosis and quality of life. Oral nutritional supplements (ONSs) enriched with protein and \u03c9-3 fatty acids may improve nutritional status and mitigate CRF. This study evaluates the effects of a high-protein, fish oil-enriched ONS (FOHP-ONS) on nutritional intake, body composition, fatigue, and quality of life in malnourished cancer patients. Methods: Cancer patients with malnutrition or inadequate food intake received 8 weeks of FOHP-ONS (2 cans\/day, providing 4.2 g\/day of \u03c9-3 fatty acids). Dietary intake, body weight, handgrip strength, serum biochemical markers, nutritional status (PG-SGA), fatigue (BFI-T), and quality of life (EORTC QLQ-C30) were assessed at baseline, week 4, and week 8. Results: Of the 33 enrolled patients, 30 completed the study. Energy and protein intake significantly increased (p &lt; 0.05), and body BMI and handgrip strength showed significant improvements (p &lt; 0.05), while muscle mass did not change significantly. Nutritional status, assessed by PG-SGA, improved, with the proportion of severely malnourished patients (Stage C) decreasing from 46.7% to 13.3%, and moderately malnourished patients (Stage B) improving to well-nourished status (Stage A) from 10.0% to 30.0% (p &lt; 0.001). Serum albumin levels increased significantly (p &lt; 0.05), while fasting blood glucose significantly decreased (p &lt; 0.05). Additionally, triglyceride levels significantly decreased (p &lt; 0.05), while total cholesterol and LDL-C showed a downward trend. Cancer-related fatigue scores improved across all domains (p &lt; 0.05), and quality of life significantly increased, particularly in physical and role functioning (p &lt; 0.05). Conclusions: FOHP-ONS supplementation improved nutritional intake, body composition, and muscle strength while alleviating CRF and enhancing quality of life in malnourished cancer patients. These findings support its potential role in nutritional intervention for malnourished cancer patients.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu17152433","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,25]],"date-time":"2025-07-25T11:38:41Z","timestamp":1753443521000},"page":"2433","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["A Prospective Interventional Study on the Beneficial Effect of Fish Oil-Enriched High-Protein Oral Nutritional Supplement (FOHP-ONS) on Malnourished Older Cancer Patients"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Hui-Fang","family":"Chiu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chinese Medicine, Taichung Hospital Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taichung 40301, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shu Ru","family":"Zhuang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Nutrition, Chung Shan Medical University, 110, Sec. 1, Jianguo North Road, Taichung 40201, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3098-4712","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"You-Cheng","family":"Shen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Health Diet and Industry Management, Chung Shan Medical University, 110, Sec. 1, Jianguo North Road, Taichung 40201, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Subramanian","family":"Thangaleela","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Nutrition, Chung Shan Medical University, 110, Sec. 1, Jianguo North Road, Taichung 40201, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5371-7847","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chin-Kun","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Nutrition, Chung Shan Medical University, 110, Sec. 1, Jianguo North Road, Taichung 40201, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"229","article-title":"Global Cancer Statistics 2022: GLOBOCAN Estimates of Incidence and Mortality Worldwide for 36 Cancers in 185 Countries","volume":"74","author":"Bray","year":"2024","journal-title":"CA Cancer J. 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