{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]],"date-time":"2026-10-19T15:59:23Z","timestamp":1792425563099,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":111,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"15","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,29]],"date-time":"2025-07-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1753747200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background\/Objectives: Being overweight and obesity are major public health concerns that demand effective nutritional strategies for weight and body composition management. Beyond excess weight, these conditions are closely linked to chronic inflammation, oxidative stress, and gut dysbiosis, all of which contribute to cardiometabolic risk. Polyphenols\u2014bioactive compounds in plant-based foods\u2014may support improvements in body composition and metabolic health by modulating gut microbiota, reducing oxidative stress, and suppressing inflammation. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effects of polyphenol-rich interventions on gut microbiota composition, in combination with either oxidative stress or inflammatory biomarkers, and their potential impact on body composition in overweight or obese adults. Methods: A systematic search of PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane, and Web of Science was conducted through May 2025. Eligible randomized controlled trials included adults (BMI \u2265 25 kg\/m2) receiving polyphenol-rich interventions, with reported outcomes on gut microbiota and at least one inflammatory or oxidative stress biomarker. Standardized mean differences (SMDs) were pooled using a random-effects model. Results: Thirteen trials (n = 670) met inclusion criteria. Polyphenol supplementation significantly reduced circulating lipopolysaccharides (LPSs; SMD = \u22120.56; 95% CI: \u22121.10 to \u22120.02; p &lt; 0.04), indicating improved gut barrier function. Effects on cytokines (IL-6, TNF-\u03b1) and CRP were inconsistent. Catalase activity improved significantly (SMD = 0.79; 95% CI: 0.30 to 1.28; p &lt; 0.001), indicating enhanced antioxidant defense. Gut microbiota analysis revealed increased butyrate (SMD = 0.57; 95% CI: 0.18 to 0.96; p &lt; 0.001) and acetate (SMD = 0.42; 95% CI: 0.09 to 0.75; p &lt; 0.01), supporting prebiotic effects. However, no significant changes were observed in BMI or body weight. Conclusions: Polyphenol supplementation in overweight or obese adults may reduce metabolic endotoxemia, boost antioxidant activity, and promote SCFAs production. Effects on inflammation and body weight remain unclear. Further long-term trials are needed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu17152468","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,29]],"date-time":"2025-07-29T09:31:45Z","timestamp":1753781505000},"page":"2468","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":43,"title":["Effect of Polyphenol-Rich Interventions on Gut Microbiota and Inflammatory or Oxidative Stress Markers in Adults Who Are Overweight or Obese: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"\u00c1lvaro","family":"Gonz\u00e1lez-G\u00f3mez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Pharmacy and Nutrition, UCAM Universidad Cat\u00f3lica de Murcia, 30107 Murcia, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martina","family":"Cantone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Pharmacy and Nutrition, UCAM Universidad Cat\u00f3lica de Murcia, 30107 Murcia, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1021-5385","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana Mar\u00eda","family":"Garc\u00eda-Mu\u00f1oz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Pharmacy and Nutrition, UCAM Universidad Cat\u00f3lica de Murcia, 30107 Murcia, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3968-9477","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Desir\u00e9e","family":"Victoria-Montesinos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Pharmacy and Nutrition, UCAM Universidad Cat\u00f3lica de Murcia, 30107 Murcia, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8655-4156","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carmen","family":"Lucas-Abell\u00e1n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Pharmacy and Nutrition, UCAM Universidad Cat\u00f3lica de Murcia, 30107 Murcia, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ana","family":"Serrano-Mart\u00ednez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Pharmacy and Nutrition, UCAM Universidad Cat\u00f3lica de Murcia, 30107 Murcia, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alejandro M.","family":"Mu\u00f1oz-Morillas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Salud Hell\u00edn II, Servicio de Salud de Castilla-La Mancha (SESCAM), 02400 Hell\u00edn, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2395-3213","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juana M.","family":"Morillas-Ruiz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Pharmacy and Nutrition, UCAM Universidad Cat\u00f3lica de Murcia, 30107 Murcia, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"WHO (2025, June 24). 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