{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,3]],"date-time":"2026-10-03T01:21:13Z","timestamp":1790990473852,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":109,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"17","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,31]],"date-time":"2025-08-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756598400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"ON Foods\u2014Research and innovation network on food and nutrition Sustainability, Safety and Security\u2014Working ON Foods","award":["PE00000003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PE00000003"]}]},{"name":"ON Foods\u2014Research and innovation network on food and nutrition Sustainability, Safety and Security\u2014Working ON Foods","award":["CUP D93C22000890001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CUP D93C22000890001"]}]},{"name":"Italian Ministry of University and Research","award":["PE00000003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PE00000003"]}]},{"name":"Italian Ministry of University and Research","award":["CUP D93C22000890001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CUP D93C22000890001"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Osteoporosis is a skeletal disorder characterized by decreased bone strength, which leads to an increased risk of developing fractures. Interestingly, this metabolic disorder is often related to sarcopenia, defined as decreased muscle mass, strength, and function. These two conditions appear to be closely connected, leading to a clinical condition named osteosarcopenia (OS). Aging may explain the link between muscle and bone loss through genetic, mechanical, endocrine, and nutritional factors. Further, aging increases the amount of adipose tissue, often due to sedentary behavior and unbalanced nutritional pattern, leading to a clinical condition defined as osteosarcopenic obesity, characterized by concurrent obesity, sarcopenia, and osteoporosis, where each condition exacerbates the others. Moreover, sarcopenia leads to decreased physical (PA) activity, worsening skeletal homeostasis, and creating a vicious cycle, which increases falls, fracture risk, and disability. This review underscores the importance of a systemic approach, focusing on nutritional therapy integrated with PA and, eventually, pharmacological interventions to efficiently manage (OS).<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu17172842","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,1]],"date-time":"2025-09-01T14:02:46Z","timestamp":1756735366000},"page":"2842","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["An Integrated Nutritional and Physical Activity Approach for Osteosarcopenia"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4868-8102","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Edoardo","family":"Mocini","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Theoretical and Applied Sciences, eCampus University, 22060 Novedrate, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1581-8027","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ludovica","family":"Cardinali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Life Science, Health, and Health Professions, Link Campus University, 00165 Rome, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Experimental Medicine, University Sapienza of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3152-3130","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Olivia","family":"Di Vincenzo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Experimental Medicine, University Sapienza of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4598-2891","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Antimo","family":"Moretti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties and Dentistry, University of Campania \u201cLuigi Vanvitelli\u201d, 80138 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6227-3571","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carlo","family":"Baldari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Theoretical and Applied Sciences, eCampus University, 22060 Novedrate, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0976-925X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giovanni","family":"Iolascon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties and Dentistry, University of Campania \u201cLuigi Vanvitelli\u201d, 80138 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4563-6630","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Silvia","family":"Migliaccio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Experimental Medicine, University Sapienza of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tonk, C.H., Shoushrah, S.H., Babczyk, P., El Khaldi-Hansen, B., Schulze, M., Herten, M., and Tobiasch, E. 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