{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,6]],"date-time":"2026-11-06T02:15:05Z","timestamp":1793931305596,"version":"4.8.0"},"reference-count":67,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"17","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,2]],"date-time":"2025-09-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756771200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Objective: this systematic review with a meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the available body of published peer-reviewed randomized controlled trial (RCT) studies on the effects of different doses and types of strength training (ST) on body composition, physical performance, and protein or calcium intake in older people with osteosarcopenia. Method: a systematic literature search was conducted between July 2024 and August 2025 using five databases: PubMed, Medline, CINAHL Complete, Scopus, and Web of Science. PRISMA, TESTEX, RoB 2, and GRADE tools assessed methodological quality and certainty of evidence. Hedge\u2019s g effect sizes were calculated for the abovementioned variables for the meta-analysis. Results: the protocol was registered in PROSPERO (code: CRD42025643858). Of 141 registers, seven RCTs with 349 participants were included. Seven overall and two subgroup meta-analyses showed significant increases in skeletal muscle mass index (SMMI; p &lt; 0.01), maximal isometric handgrip strength (MIHS; p = 0.03), and protein intake (p = 0.03). There were no significant differences in bone mineral density (BMD), body fat percentage (BFP), gait speed, and calcium intake. However, meta-analysis by subgroups showed significant decreases in BFP (p = 0.01) in favor of elastic band training versus resistance training, with no significant differences in BMD. Conclusions: ST in older people with osteosarcopenia conditions increases SMMI, MIHS, and protein intake.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu17172852","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,2]],"date-time":"2025-09-02T12:04:28Z","timestamp":1756814668000},"page":"2852","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Effects of Strength Training on Body Composition, Physical Performance, and Protein or Calcium Intake in Older People with Osteosarcopenia: A Meta-Analysis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Jordan","family":"Hernandez-Martinez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Activity Sciences, Universidad de Los Lagos, Osorno 5290000, Chile"},{"name":"Department of Education, Faculty of Humanities, Universidad de la Serena, La Serena 1700000, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4625-9128","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Braulio Henrique Magnani","family":"Branco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Program in Health Promotion, Cesumar University (UniCesumar), Maring\u00e1 87000-000, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5359-6587","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Edgar","family":"Vasquez-Carrasco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Psychology, Universidad de Talca, Talca 3465548, Chile"},{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n en Ciencias Cognitivas, Faculty of Psychology, Universidad de Talca, Talca 3465548, Chile"},{"name":"VITALIS Longevity Center, Universidad de Talca, Talca 3465548, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2172-867X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Izham","family":"Cid-Calfucura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Activity, Sports and Health Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Universidad de Santiago de Chile (USACH), Santiago 8370003, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5219-5896","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tom\u00e1s","family":"Herrera-Valenzuela","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Activity, Sports and Health Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Universidad de Santiago de Chile (USACH), Santiago 8370003, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7001-9004","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eduardo","family":"Guzm\u00e1n-Mu\u00f1oz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Kinesiology, Faculty of Health, Universidad Santo Tom\u00e1s, Talca 3460000, Chile"},{"name":"School of Kinesiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Chile, Talca 3460000, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9952-993X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pedro","family":"Delgado-Floody","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Education, Sport, and Recreation, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7013-3894","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yeny","family":"Concha-Cisternas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Kinesiology, Faculty of Health, Universidad Santo Tom\u00e1s, Talca 3460000, Chile"},{"name":"Vicerrector\u00eda de Investigaci\u00f3n e Innovaci\u00f3n, Universidad Arturo Prat, Iquique 1100000, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3948-8280","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pablo","family":"Vald\u00e9s-Badilla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Activity Sciences, Faculty of Education Sciences, Universidad Cat\u00f3lica del Maule, Talca 3460000, Chile"},{"name":"Sports Coach Career, Faculty of Life Sciences, Universidad Vi\u00f1a del Mar, Vi\u00f1a del Mar 2520000, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/afy169","article-title":"Sarcopenia: Revised European consensus on definition and diagnosis","volume":"48","author":"Bahat","year":"2019","journal-title":"Age Ageing"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2015.04.014","article-title":"Evolutionary medicine and bone loss in chronic inflammatory diseases\u2014A theory of inflammation-related osteopenia","volume":"45","author":"Straub","year":"2015","journal-title":"Semin. 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