{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T07:39:08Z","timestamp":1791877148380,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":79,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"17","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,6]],"date-time":"2025-09-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1757116800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Menopause and metabolic syndrome (MetS) are linked to chronic low-grade inflammation. However, the role of chemokines and systemic inflammatory indices such as the systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) and systemic inflammatory response index (SIRI) in perimenopausal women remains poorly understood. Methods: This cross-sectional study evaluated inflammatory markers, chemokines, and systemic indices in perimenopausal women recruited in Poland. Sociodemographic and health-related information was obtained using a custom questionnaire, along with anthropometric measurements and laboratory analyses. Results: A total of 230 women aged 44\u201365 years were included. Women with BMI \u2265 25 kg\/m2 had significantly higher IL-6 (median 4.9 vs. 2.3 pg\/mL, p &lt; 0.01) and CRP levels (3.8 vs. 1.6 mg\/L, p &lt; 0.05), as well as increased HOMA-IR (2.6 vs. 1.5, p &lt; 0.01), compared with those with normal BMI. Positive correlations were found between SII and CXCL5 (r = 0.21, p = 0.01), and between SIRI and CXCL2 (r = 0.19, p = 0.02), CXCL5 (r = 0.23, p = 0.01), and CXCL9 (r = 0.24, p = 0.01). Conclusions: Excess body weight in perimenopausal women was associated with elevated IL-6, CRP, and insulin resistance, together with BMI-dependent correlations of chemokines with SII and SIRI. These findings highlight the potential of SII and SIRI as accessible screening tools for identifying women at risk of MetS. Future longitudinal studies are needed to confirm their predictive value and clinical applicability.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu17172885","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,8]],"date-time":"2025-09-08T10:29:07Z","timestamp":1757327347000},"page":"2885","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Systemic Inflammation Indices, Chemokines, and Metabolic Markers in Perimenopausal Women"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6912-287X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna Maria","family":"Cybulska","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nursing, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, \u017bo\u0142nierska 48 St., 71-210 Szczecin, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2200-3766","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kamila","family":"Rachubi\u0144ska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nursing, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, \u017bo\u0142nierska 48 St., 71-210 Szczecin, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3679-7002","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"El\u017cbieta","family":"Grochans","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nursing, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, \u017bo\u0142nierska 48 St., 71-210 Szczecin, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2279-4329","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mateusz","family":"Bosiacki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powsta\u0144c\u00f3w Wielkopolskich. 72 St., 70-111 Szczecin, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8517-0364","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Donata","family":"Simi\u0144ska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powsta\u0144c\u00f3w Wielkopolskich. 72 St., 70-111 Szczecin, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jan","family":"Korbecki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomy and Histology, Collegium Medicum, University of Zielona G\u00f3ra, Zyty 28, 65-046 Zielona G\u00f3ra, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5378-5409","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna","family":"Lubkowska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Functional Diagnostics and Physical Medicine, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 71-210 Szczecin, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1830-2114","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mariusz","family":"Panczyk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Education and Research in Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Warsaw, 00-635 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Magdalena","family":"Kuczy\u0144ska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Subdepartment of Long-Term Care and Palliative Medicine, Department of Social Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 48 \u017bo\u0142nierska St., 71-210 Szczecin, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daria","family":"Schneider-Matyka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nursing, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, \u017bo\u0142nierska 48 St., 71-210 Szczecin, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1210\/clinem\/dgaa764","article-title":"The menopause transition: Signs, symptoms, and management options","volume":"106","author":"Santoro","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. 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