{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T02:11:59Z","timestamp":1789438319942,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":69,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"19","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,30]],"date-time":"2025-09-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759190400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Italian Ministry of Health with \u201cCurrent Research funds\u201d","award":["RC2025_IMMUNO_CAPRIATI"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RC2025_IMMUNO_CAPRIATI"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.mdpi.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background\/Objectives: The efficacy of exclusive enteral nutrition (EEN) on the induction of remission of Crohn\u2019s disease (CD) has been demonstrated with different diets (elemental, semi-elemental, and polymeric). A narrative review was conducted to assess the effects of different enteral diets in pediatric CD patients, considering the hypothesis that manipulating the nutritional key ingredients may enhance the clinical efficacy. Methods: An extensive literature search was performed across PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library, covering all records published up to 27 July 2025. Both pediatric and adult studies were considered, and nutritional composition was compared with remission rates. Results: Twelve studies involving patients with active CD treated with EEN were found. Most studies were conducted with polymeric diets (n = 8), which achieved a high remission rate (up to 85%), thus confirming their advantage over other EEN diets. Conclusions: EEN with polymeric diets satisfies the need to revert the acute inflammation in most pediatric CD patients. Polymeric formulas have two advantages: (a) they contain transforming growth factor-\u03b2 (TGF-\u03b2), which exerts anti-inflammatory effects on intestinal epithelial cells, and (b) they have a mixed-fat composition, including saturated fatty acids (SFAs), monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs), polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) as well medium-chain triglycerides (MCTs), which provides better results than EEN diets enriched with single-fat components. However, pathophysiological evidence shows gut microbiota alterations after EEN begins, despite clinical improvement. So, a potential strategy to enhance the efficacy of polymeric diets may be fiber enrichment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu17193124","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,30]],"date-time":"2025-09-30T13:52:46Z","timestamp":1759240366000},"page":"3124","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Enteral Nutrition in Pediatric Crohn\u2019s Disease: New Perspectives"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-4740-6490","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Viviana Fara","family":"Brindicci","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Digestive Diseases and Nutritional Rehabilitation Unit, Nutritional Treatments of Complex Diseases Research Unit, Bambino Ges\u00f9 Children\u2019s Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy"},{"name":"Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, Pediatric Section, Children\u2019s Hospital \u2018Giovanni XXIII\u2019, University of Bari \u201cAldo Moro\u201d, 70126 Bari, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rosangela","family":"Grieco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Digestive Diseases and Nutritional Rehabilitation Unit, Nutritional Treatments of Complex Diseases Research Unit, Bambino Ges\u00f9 Children\u2019s Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy"},{"name":"Pediatric Gastroenterology and Liver Unit, Maternal and Child Health Department, Sapienza-University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roberta Giusy","family":"Ruiz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Digestive Diseases and Nutritional Rehabilitation Unit, Nutritional Treatments of Complex Diseases Research Unit, Bambino Ges\u00f9 Children\u2019s Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Paediatrics, Universit\u00e0 Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2912-3154","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sabrina","family":"Cardile","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Digestive Diseases and Nutritional Rehabilitation Unit, Nutritional Treatments of Complex Diseases Research Unit, Bambino Ges\u00f9 Children\u2019s Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Teresa","family":"Capriati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Digestive Diseases and Nutritional Rehabilitation Unit, Nutritional Treatments of Complex Diseases Research Unit, Bambino Ges\u00f9 Children\u2019s Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3869-1815","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chiara Maria","family":"Trovato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Digestive Diseases and Nutritional Rehabilitation Unit, Nutritional Treatments of Complex Diseases Research Unit, Bambino Ges\u00f9 Children\u2019s Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giulia","family":"Bolasco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Digestive Diseases and Nutritional Rehabilitation Unit, Nutritional Treatments of Complex Diseases Research Unit, Bambino Ges\u00f9 Children\u2019s Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniela","family":"Knafelz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Digestive Diseases and Nutritional Rehabilitation Unit, Nutritional Treatments of Complex Diseases Research Unit, Bambino Ges\u00f9 Children\u2019s Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fiammetta","family":"Bracci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Digestive Diseases and Nutritional Rehabilitation Unit, 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Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonella","family":"Diamanti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Digestive Diseases and Nutritional Rehabilitation Unit, Nutritional Treatments of Complex Diseases Research Unit, Bambino Ges\u00f9 Children\u2019s Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1531","DOI":"10.1093\/ecco-jcc\/jjae091","article-title":"ECCO Guidelines on Therapeutics in Crohn\u2019s Disease: Medical Treatment","volume":"18","author":"Gordon","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. 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