{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,24]],"date-time":"2025-10-24T07:49:40Z","timestamp":1761292180864,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"21","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,24]],"date-time":"2025-10-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761264000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korean government","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NRF-RS-2024-00455010","NRF-RS-2024-00353119"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NRF-RS-2024-00455010","NRF-RS-2024-00353119"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background\/Objectives: Low vitamin D levels are associated with an elevated risk of Alzheimer\u2019s disease (AD). Given the rising prevalence of diabetes and its association with AD, this study investigated whether vitamin D modulates amyloidogenesis and inflammation in the brains of diabetic mice. Methods: Five-week-old male C57BLKS\/J-m+\/m+(con) and C57BLKS\/J-db\/db (db) mice received diets with low or high vitamin D (LVD or HVD) for 8 weeks. Hippocampal neuronal morphology was assessed using H&amp;E and Nissl staining, and A\u03b2 levels, along with the mRNA expression of genes related to amyloidogenesis, amyloid degradation, inflammation, antioxidation, and neurotrophic factors, were measured in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex (PFC). Results: High dietary vitamin D levels attenuated neuronal necrosis in db\/db mice. Hippocampal App and Bace1 expression levels were higher in db\/db mice; however, amyloidogenic gene (App, Bace1, Ps1) expression levels in both the hippocampus and PFC were significantly lower in db_HVD group compared with those in db_LVD group (all p &lt; 0.05). Among control mice, PFC App and Ps1 expression levels were lower in con_HVD group than in con_LVD group. Nonetheless, A\u03b242 protein levels were not affected by either diabetes or dietary vitamin D levels. Furthermore, lower hippocampal I\u03bab\u03b1 and PFC Mcp-1 expression levels in db_HVD group than those in db_LVD group were observed, both upregulated in diabetic mice. Amyloid degradation-related gene or Vdr expression was not altered by dietary vitamin D levels. Conclusions: These findings suggest that vitamin D may exert neuroprotective effects on the hippocampus and PFC in diabetic mice by mitigating neuronal damage and suppressing amyloidogenic and inflammatory gene expression.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu17213339","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,24]],"date-time":"2025-10-24T07:41:35Z","timestamp":1761291695000},"page":"3339","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Effects of Dietary Vitamin D Levels on Markers Related to Amyloidogenesis and Neuroinflammation in db\/db Mice"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Jisu","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food and Nutrition, The University of Suwon, Hwaseong 18323, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-8182-1445","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dain","family":"Wi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food and Nutrition, The University of Suwon, Hwaseong 18323, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0647-2992","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sung Nim","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Research Institute of Human Ecology, College of Human Ecology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8597-7210","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chan Yoon","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food and Nutrition, The University of Suwon, Hwaseong 18323, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Gauthier, S., Webster, C., Servaes, S., Morais, J., and Rosa-Neto, P. 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