{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,11]],"date-time":"2025-11-11T09:14:03Z","timestamp":1762852443357,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"22","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,11]],"date-time":"2025-11-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1762819200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Jinan Innovation Team Project","award":["202228040"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["202228040"]}]},{"name":"Tianjin Science and Technology Achievement Transfer and Transformation Project","award":["24ZYCGSY00390"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["24ZYCGSY00390"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Blue light-induced retinal photodamage represents a growing public health concern globally. Lactic acid bacteria and their bioactive metabolites represent a promising therapeutic strategy for mitigating such damage. Methods: This study evaluated the protective efficacy of Limosilactobacillus fermentum IOB802 and Lactobacillus plantarum subsp. plantarum IOB602 against blue light-induced retinal injury using both in vitro and in vivo models. Results: In ARPE-19 cells exposed to blue light, treatment with postbiotics from IOB802 and IOB602 significantly restored cell viability (p &lt; 0.05), enhanced antioxidant enzyme activities (GSH-Px, SOD, and CAT, p &lt; 0.05), and reduced inflammatory cytokine levels (IL-6, IL-1\u03b2, TNF-\u03b1, and VEGF, p &lt; 0.05). Subsequent validation in a murine blue light-induced retinal damage model demonstrated that IOB802 notably preserved retinal architecture, upregulated antioxidant defenses, and promoted the expression of tight junction proteins. Mechanistically, IOB802 suppressed inflammation by inhibiting the phosphorylation of the I\u03baB\u03b1\/NF-\u03baB pathway. Through 16S rDNA sequencing and short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) profiling, IOB802 was further shown to restore gut microbial diversity, increase beneficial bacteria, including Lachnospiraceae, Rikenellaceae, and Bacteroidaceae (p &lt; 0.05), and elevate concentrations of key SCFAs (butyrate, acetate, and propionate; p &lt; 0.05), underscoring the role of the gut\u2013retina axis in mediating retinal protection. Conclusions: In summary, IOB802 and its postbiotics alleviate blue light-induced retinopathy through antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and microbiota-modulating mechanisms, offering novel insights into microbiome-based interventions for retinal diseases.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu17223517","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,11]],"date-time":"2025-11-11T08:57:41Z","timestamp":1762851461000},"page":"3517","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Limosilactobacillus fermentum IOB802 Protects Against Blue Light-Induced Retinopathy via Gut Microbiota Modulation"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4905-6729","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chen","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yuqi","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jia","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shiqi","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jin","family":"Cao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Na","family":"Jing","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xuemei","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tianjin Key Laboratory of Edible Probiotics, Tianjin 300301, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hongpeng","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wu","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tianjin Key Laboratory of Edible Probiotics, Tianjin 300301, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nan","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1111\/opo.13051","article-title":"Effect of Illuminance and Colour Temperature of LED Lighting on Asthenopia during Reading","volume":"43","author":"Chen","year":"2023","journal-title":"Ophthalmic. 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