{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,9]],"date-time":"2026-06-09T23:20:44Z","timestamp":1781047244256,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"22","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,20]],"date-time":"2025-11-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1763596800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Athletics Sports Nutrition Fund","award":["MX202"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MX202"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Optimal nutrition in athletes can contribute to training adaptations, recovery, performance, and injury prevention in addition to supporting their overall health and well-being. Macronutrient intake and the link to role in athletic performance has been investigated by several studies, while micronutrient intake in athletes appears to be understudied. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to assess caloric and selected micronutrient intakes in female collegiate student-athletes across several sports. The participants from seven sports were instructed to complete 3-day food records; dietary intakes were compared to their individual nutritional needs. Results of this study indicated that average intakes of our participants for vitamin C (132.3%), vitamin K (110.5%), and sodium (173%) intakes were significantly above the recommended intakes. However, average intakes for calories (78.0%), calcium (63.1%), magnesium (68.7%), potassium (83.8%), and iron (80.8%) were all significantly below the recommended intakes. More specifically, indoor volleyball and golf athletes exhibited significantly lower vitamin A intake (53.3% and 43.6%, respectively), while iron insufficiency (% of recommendation) was more pronounced in the indoor volleyball (59.8%), golf (65.4%), and tennis (69.9%) teams. Chronic underconsumption of calories and micronutrients can lead to numerous health and athletic performance related consequences. Thus, recognizing and addressing inadequate intakes is imperative to help the student-athletes meet their needs in alignment with dietary guidelines through nutrition education and counseling, as well as dedicated funding and resources towards promoting their overall health, well-being, and athletic as well as academic performance and success.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu17223625","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,20]],"date-time":"2025-11-20T15:00:17Z","timestamp":1763650817000},"page":"3625","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Suboptimal Caloric and Micronutrient Intakes in Female Student Athletes Across Several Division 1 Collegiate Sports"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Rachel L.","family":"Victor","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Nutrition Program, Department of Food Science and Nutrition, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, CA 93407, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Morgan M.","family":"Nishisaka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nutrition Program, Department of Food Science and Nutrition, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, CA 93407, USA"},{"name":"Sports Nutrition Program, Department of Athletics, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, CA 93407, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexandra F.","family":"McGrath","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nutrition Program, Department of Food Science and Nutrition, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, CA 93407, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mia K.","family":"Gladding","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nutrition Program, Department of Food Science and Nutrition, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, CA 93407, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liel","family":"Grosskopf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nutrition Program, Department of Food Science and Nutrition, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, CA 93407, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hilla","family":"Ben-Moshe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nutrition Program, Department of Food Science and Nutrition, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, CA 93407, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3487-4120","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Angelos K.","family":"Sikalidis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nutrition Program, Department of Food Science and Nutrition, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, CA 93407, USA"},{"name":"Cal Poly Personalized Nutrition Research Group, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, CA 93407, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0733-4041","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aleksandra S.","family":"Kristo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nutrition Program, Department of Food Science and Nutrition, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, CA 93407, USA"},{"name":"Cal Poly Personalized Nutrition Research Group, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, CA 93407, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Scott K.","family":"Reaves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nutrition Program, Department of Food Science and Nutrition, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, CA 93407, USA"},{"name":"Sports Nutrition Program, Department of Athletics, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, CA 93407, USA"},{"name":"Cal Poly Personalized Nutrition Research Group, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, CA 93407, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"406","DOI":"10.17992\/lbl.2020.09.596","article-title":"\u00deegar orkuna skortir\u2014\u00c1hrif hlutfallslegs orkuskorts \u00ed \u00ed\u00fer\u00f3ttum (RED-s) \u00e1 heilsu og \u00e1rangur","volume":"106","author":"Vardardottir","year":"2020","journal-title":"Laeknabladid"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e20171871","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2017-1871","article-title":"Promotion of Healthy Weight-Control Practices in Young Athletes","volume":"140","author":"Carl","year":"2017","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"364","DOI":"10.1123\/ijsnem.2018-0182","article-title":"Relative Energy Deficiency in Sport in Male Athletes: A Commentary on Its Presentation 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