{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T00:38:47Z","timestamp":1789605527678,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":62,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"23","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,25]],"date-time":"2025-11-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764028800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: The study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of a combination of Dioscorea villosa (containing diosgenin), vitamin D, and \u03b1-lactalbumin, in women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) phenotype D. The primary objective was to investigate improvements in menstrual cycle regularity. Methods: A total of 24 women aged 22\u201334 years with PCOS phenotype D received daily supplementation with 600 mg Dioscorea villosa (120 mg diosgenin), 100 mg \u03b1-lactalbumin, and 50 \u03bcg vitamin D for six months. Clinical and biochemical assessments, including hormonal profiling and menstrual cycle monitoring, were conducted at baseline (T0), after 3 months (T1), and after 6 months (T2). Results: The treatment led to a statistically significant improvement in menstrual cycle regularity: eumenorrhea was achieved in 50% of patients at T2, compared to 0% at baseline. Significant changes were also observed in luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and the LH\/FSH ratio, alongside a reduction in insulin and HOMA-index at T1. No adverse events were reported. Conclusions: The combination of Dioscorea villosa, vitamin D, and \u03b1-lactalbumin promotes menstrual cycle regularization in women with PCOS phenotype D. The positive result suggests a beneficial role of the treatment when administered to this specific subtype of PCOS and supports the use of targeted nutraceutical therapy as an alternative to conventional treatments, especially in non-hyperandrogenic PCOS patients.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu17233695","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,25]],"date-time":"2025-11-25T15:29:47Z","timestamp":1764084587000},"page":"3695","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["The Combination of Diosgenin, Vitamin D, and \u03b1-Lactalbumin Normalizes the Menstrual Cycle in Women with PCOS of Phenotype D: A Pilot Clinical Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Michele","family":"Russo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"R&D Department, Lo.Li. pharma s.r.l., 00156 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giuseppina","family":"Porcaro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Experts Group on Inositol in Basic and Clinical Research and on PCOS (EGOI-PCOS), 00156 Rome, Italy"},{"name":"Sotherga Clinic, 20121 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cesare","family":"Aragona","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Experts Group on Inositol in Basic and Clinical Research and on PCOS (EGOI-PCOS), 00156 Rome, Italy"},{"name":"Systems Biology Laboratory, Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University, 00163 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gabriele","family":"Bilotta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Alma Res Fertility Center, 00198 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Massimo","family":"Di Liberto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Complex Operating Unit of Gynecology, Obstetrics of the \u201cAbele Ajello\u201d Hospital, 91026 Mazara del Vallo, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1805-3181","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vittorio","family":"Unfer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Experts Group on Inositol in Basic and Clinical Research and on PCOS (EGOI-PCOS), 00156 Rome, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, UniCamillus\u2013Saint Camillus International University of Health Sciences, 00131 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1038\/s41572-024-00511-3","article-title":"Polycystic ovary syndrome","volume":"10","author":"Teede","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat. 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