{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,19]],"date-time":"2026-05-19T22:40:15Z","timestamp":1779230415614,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":65,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"23","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,27]],"date-time":"2025-11-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764201600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001509","name":"Royal Society of New Zealand","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001509","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Apolipoprotein B (apo B), apolipoprotein C-II (apo C-II), and apolipoprotein C-III (apo C-III) play important roles in very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) metabolism. Whether they influence the relationship between intra-pancreatic fat deposition (IPFD) and VLDL is unknown. The aim was to investigate whether the association between VLDL cholesterol (VLDL-C) and IPFD varies between individuals with and without dysapolipoproteinaemia involving apo B, apo C-II, and apo C-III. Methods: Abdominal magnetic resonance imaging at 3T was performed to quantify IPFD. VLDL-C was measured using the Quantimetrix Lipoprint\u00ae system, whereas apo B, apo C-II, and apo C-III levels were analysed using the MILLIPLEX\u00ae (xMAP) assay. Dysapolipoproteinemia was defined as apolipoprotein levels above the upper quartile of the overall cohort. Univariable and multivariable linear regression analyses were performed, adjusting for age, sex, ethnicity, waist-to-hip ratio, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and insulin resistance. Results: A total of 32 individuals had dysapolipoproteinaemia, whereas 96 had normoapolipoproteinaemia. Among those with dysapolipoproteinaemia involving apo B, apo C-II, and apo C-III, VLDL-C levels were significantly and positively associated with IPFD. In the fully adjusted model, each unit increase in VLDL-C corresponded to a 0.82% (p = 0.011), 1.05% (p = 0.003), and 1.00% (p = 0.005) increase in IPFD, respectively. No significant association between VLDL-C and IPFD was observed in individuals with normoapolipoproteinaemia. Conclusions: Altered apolipoprotein profiles influence the association between VLDL-C and IPFD.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu17233718","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,27]],"date-time":"2025-11-27T11:50:13Z","timestamp":1764244213000},"page":"3718","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Dysapolipoproteinaemia Influences the Relationship Between Very Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol and Intra-Pancreatic Fat Deposition in Humans"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Yutong","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, University of Auckland, Auckland 1023, New Zealand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Loren","family":"Skudder-Hill","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, Singapore"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Juyeon","family":"Ko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiatiguli","family":"Shamaitijiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, University of Auckland, Auckland 1023, New Zealand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ivana R.","family":"Sequeira-Bisson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Human Nutrition Unit, School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5923-9062","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maxim S.","family":"Petrov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, University of Auckland, Auckland 1023, New Zealand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1038\/s41575-021-00551-0","article-title":"Intra-pancreatic fat deposition: Bringing hidden fat to the fore","volume":"19","author":"Petrov","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat. 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