{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T18:01:24Z","timestamp":1791482484876,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":117,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"24","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,13]],"date-time":"2025-12-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1765584000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000062","name":"National Institute on Aging and the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases of the National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01AG071717"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01AG071717"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000062","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000062","name":"National Institute on Aging and the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases of the National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R33AG070455"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R33AG070455"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000062","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000062","name":"National Institute on Aging and the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases of the National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R61HL155858"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R61HL155858"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000062","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000062","name":"National Institute on Aging and the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases of the National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["T32DK137525"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["T32DK137525"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000062","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009797","name":"Barrow Neurological Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009797","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The global population is aging rapidly and the prevalence of age-related noncommunicable diseases is increasing. Favorable dietary patterns have the power to reduce the risk or progression of various age-related chronic diseases, including obesity, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, several types of cancer, and some neurodegenerative diseases. In contrast, adverse dietary patterns may contribute to the onset or progression of many chronic diseases or their risk factors. A diet rich in wholesome, nutrient-dense, minimally processed foods, such as a Mediterranean-style diet, may promote health and prevent disease through its abundance of antioxidants, fiber, omega-3 fatty acids, and micronutrients. Conversely, a diet high in nutrient-poor and ultra-processed foods may accelerate disease onset and progression by promoting inflammation and affecting metabolic pathways adversely. This narrative review summarizes the literature from clinical trials and large population-based studies on protective dietary patterns and adverse dietary patterns that influence risk of cardiovascular disease and related risk factors, cancer, Alzheimer\u2019s disease and related dementias, type 2 diabetes, frailty, and liver disease.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu17243910","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,15]],"date-time":"2025-12-15T13:32:37Z","timestamp":1765805557000},"page":"3910","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Dietary Patterns Influence Chronic Disease Risk and Health Outcomes in Older Adults: A Narrative Review"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-4212-6958","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jordan A.","family":"Gunning","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-3689-5147","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Madeline F.","family":"Converse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3718-6083","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Behzad","family":"Gudarzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wanees","family":"Lotfallah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6932-1887","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Susan B.","family":"Racette","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"100483","article-title":"The rising burden of non-communicable diseases in the Americas and the impact of population aging: A secondary analysis of available data","volume":"21","author":"Hambleton","year":"2023","journal-title":"Lancet Reg. 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