{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]],"date-time":"2026-05-29T19:50:08Z","timestamp":1780084208579,"version":"3.54.0"},"reference-count":64,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,19]],"date-time":"2025-12-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1766102400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002569","name":"Wonkwang University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2025-03-25-338"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2025-03-25-338"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002569","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background\/Objectives: Mecasin (KCHO-1) is a standardized multi-herb formulation containing diverse bioactive compounds predicted to engage multiple molecular targets. This study applied an integrative network pharmacology approach to explore how Mecasin may interact with Alzheimer\u2019s disease (AD)-related molecular networks. Methods: Bioactive constituents from 9 herbs were screened through OASIS and PubChem, and their predicted targets were cross-referenced with 8886 AD-associated genes from GeneCards. Overlapping genes were analyzed using protein\u2013protein interaction mapping, Gene Ontology, and KEGG to identify potential Mecasin\u2013AD core nodes and pathways. Co-expression, co-regulation, and molecular docking analyses were performed to further characterize mechanistic relevance. Results: Network integration identified 6 core genes\u2014AKT1, STAT3, IL6, TNF, EGFR, and IL1B\u2014positioned within signaling pathways related to neuronal survival, inflammatory regulation, and cellular stress responses, including FoxO, JAK\u2013STAT, MAPK, and TNF pathways. Molecular docking suggested that several Mecasin compounds may interact with targets such as AKT1 and TNF. Conclusions: These in silico findings indicate that Mecasin, a multi-component formulation containing numerous phytochemicals that generate broad compound\u2013target associations, may interface with interconnected neuroimmune pathways relevant to AD. While exploratory, the results highlight potential multi-target mechanisms that merit further investigation and provide a systems-level framework to inform future experimental validation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu18010008","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,19]],"date-time":"2025-12-19T11:03:46Z","timestamp":1766142226000},"page":"8","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Network Pharmacology-Based Characterization of Mecasin (KCHO-1) as a Multi-Target Modulator of Neuroinflammatory Pathways in Alzheimer\u2019s Disease"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Hyein","family":"Jo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Global Rare Disease Network, Professional Graduate School of Korean Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan 54538, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5064-6227","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joonyoung","family":"Shin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Global Rare Disease Network, Professional Graduate School of Korean Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan 54538, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hyorin","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Global Rare Disease Network, Professional Graduate School of Korean Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan 54538, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gi-Sang","family":"Bae","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, School of Korean Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan 54538, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Research Center of Traditional Korean Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan 54538, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-9513-0758","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sungchul","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Global Rare Disease Network, Professional Graduate School of Korean Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan 54538, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Research Center of Traditional Korean Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan 54538, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"33","article-title":"The long-term outcomes of Alzheimer\u2019s disease patients treated with anti-dementia medications according to baseline dementia severity","volume":"3","author":"Seo","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. 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