{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]],"date-time":"2026-08-20T16:17:56Z","timestamp":1787242676980,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":161,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,30]],"date-time":"2026-01-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769731200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100012171","name":"Ontario Research Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ORF RE 08-082"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ORF RE 08-082"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100012171","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000038","name":"NSERC Discovery","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2018-06545"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2018-06545"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000038","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Dr. Parviz Sabour Nutrition"},{"name":"Mental Health Graduate Scholarship"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Obesity-associated inflammation arises from adipose dysfunction and intestinal disturbances, including altered microbiota and short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) metabolism. Beans (Phaseolus vulgaris) are rich in non-digestible carbohydrates and polyphenols, but whether kidney bean varieties differing in seed coat colour exert distinct effects on inflammation in obesity remains unclear. Objective: To determine whether supplementation of an obesogenic high-fat (HF) diet with white or dark red kidney beans modulates gut microbiota, SCFAs, and intestinal, systemic, and neuroinflammatory outcomes. Methods: Male C57Bl\/6N mice (n = 12\/group) were fed a basal diet (BD; modified AIN-93G), an HF diet (60% kcal from fat), or an HF diet supplemented with 15% cooked white (HF + WK) or dark red kidney beans (HF + DK) for nine weeks. Outcomes included cecal microbiota composition, predicted KEGG pathways with taxon contributors mapped with BURRITO (a tool for linking predicted microbial functions to contributing taxa), and SCFA-related pathways; cecal and fecal SCFA concentrations; colon histomorphometry and expression of gut barrier junction and inflammatory genes; serum cytokines and adipose hormones; and hippocampal inflammatory and barrier genes. Results: Mice consuming bean-supplemented HF diets had higher microbial diversity, enrichment of SCFA-producing taxa (Prevotella, Lactobacillus, Muribaculaceae), and lower obesity-associated genera versus HF alone (Mucispirillum, rc4-4). Bean diets elevated cecal acetate and butyrate concentrations, which aligned with increases in predicted acetate kinase in both bean groups versus HF and BD, and butyrate kinase in HF + DK versus BD. Bean supplementation attenuated HF-induced reduction of goblet cells and systemic interleukin (IL)-10. The HF + DK group had lower colonic tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-\u03b1 and partially attenuated hippocampal IL-6. SCFAs were inversely associated with systemic and neuroinflammatory markers in HF + DK mice. Conclusions: Kidney bean supplementation mitigated HF diet-induced intestinal, systemic, and neuroinflammatory disturbances in male mice, with microbiota and SCFA modulation. Further, dark red beans exerted stronger anti-inflammatory effects, highlighting the role of seed coat colour in bean-mediated obesity outcomes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu18030461","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,30]],"date-time":"2026-01-30T14:35:46Z","timestamp":1769783746000},"page":"461","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Varietal Differences in Kidney Beans Modulate Gut Microbiota and Inflammation During High-Fat Diet-Induced Obesity in Male Mice"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-7621-0572","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexane F.","family":"Rodrigue","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2930-1005","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bruna B.","family":"Pereira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada"},{"name":"Internal Medicine Department, Botucatu Medical School, S\u00e3o Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18618-687, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giorgio","family":"Freije","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-4044-1380","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Allison","family":"Sweet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0545-5528","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Laili","family":"Mahmoudian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0256-6169","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mahmoud","family":"Aly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada"},{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences, The State University of New York Plattsburgh, Plattsburgh, NY 12901, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9603-2001","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Salma","family":"Mahmoodianfard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Human Kinetics, Faculty of Health Science, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lalit","family":"Kishore","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3694-1510","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marie-Claude","family":"Audet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada"},{"name":"Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5980-4367","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marcos F.","family":"Minicucci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Internal Medicine Department, Botucatu Medical School, S\u00e3o Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18618-687, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0636-9151","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"K. Peter","family":"Pauls","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plant Agriculture, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7575-3918","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Krista A.","family":"Power","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada"},{"name":"School of Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"WHO (2025, October 14). Obesity and Overweight. 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