{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,5]],"date-time":"2026-03-05T06:47:59Z","timestamp":1772693279729,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":73,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,28]],"date-time":"2026-02-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772236800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Council for Scientific and Technological Development\u2014CNPq","award":["LHDM\u2014408680\/2021-0"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LHDM\u2014408680\/2021-0"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background\/Objectives: This study examined the acute effects of different doses of melatonin on performance, physiological, and psychophysiological responses during individualized exhaustive cycling exercise. Methods: Fifteen physically active but cycling-inexperienced men (18\u201335 years) completed a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, crossover protocol. Following an incremental test to determine the anaerobic threshold (AnT), participants performed four exhaustive exercise sessions at 80% of AnT after ingesting placebo or melatonin (5, 12.5, or 20 mg), administered approximately 30 min before exercise. Time to exhaustion (TLim) was considered the primary performance outcome. Heart rate, peripheral oxygen saturation, blood lactate concentration, blood glucose, and ratings of perceived exertion were assessed before, during, and after exercise. Results: No significant differences were observed between experimental conditions for TLim or for any physiological or psychophysiological variable. Only main effects of time were detected, reflecting expected exercise-induced responses, with small effect sizes and no evidence of a dose\u2013response relationship across melatonin conditions. Baseline values were comparable among sessions. These findings indicate that acute melatonin administration at doses ranging from 5 to 20 mg does not elicit ergogenic effects nor modulate physiological or psychophysiological responses during prolonged individualized cycling exercise in healthy individuals. Conclusions: In male, healthy, physically active individuals inexperienced in cycling, acute melatonin administration at the doses tested did not produce ergogenic effects or alter physiological and psychophysiological responses during prolonged, individualized cycling exercise.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu18050798","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,3]],"date-time":"2026-03-03T16:18:45Z","timestamp":1772554725000},"page":"798","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Acute Effects of Different Melatonin Doses on Performance and Psychophysiological Responses During Exhaustive Cycling Exercise: A Double-Blind Crossover Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Larissa de Castro","family":"Pedroso","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Group on Technology Applied to Exercise Physiology\u2014GTAFE, Health Sciences and Health Data Science Postgraduate Programs, S\u00e3o Francisco University (USF), Bragan\u00e7a Paulista 12916-900, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maria Clara dos","family":"Reis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Group on Technology Applied to Exercise Physiology\u2014GTAFE, Health Sciences and Health Data Science Postgraduate Programs, S\u00e3o Francisco University (USF), Bragan\u00e7a Paulista 12916-900, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-5096-5189","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vanessa","family":"Bertolucci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Group on Technology Applied to Exercise Physiology\u2014GTAFE, Health Sciences and Health Data Science Postgraduate Programs, S\u00e3o Francisco University (USF), Bragan\u00e7a Paulista 12916-900, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Luana Alves","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Group on Technology Applied to Exercise Physiology\u2014GTAFE, Health Sciences and Health Data Science Postgraduate Programs, S\u00e3o Francisco University (USF), Bragan\u00e7a Paulista 12916-900, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8025-1357","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ivan Gustavo Masselli dos","family":"Reis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Group on Technology Applied to Exercise Physiology\u2014GTAFE, Health Sciences and Health Data Science Postgraduate Programs, S\u00e3o Francisco University (USF), Bragan\u00e7a Paulista 12916-900, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7176-2713","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wladimir Rafael","family":"Beck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Endocrine Physiology and Physical Exercise, Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of S\u00e3o Carlos, Washington Luis, Km 235, S\u00e3o Carlos 13565-905, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pedro Paulo Menezes","family":"Scariot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Group on Technology Applied to Exercise Physiology\u2014GTAFE, Health Sciences and Health Data Science Postgraduate Programs, S\u00e3o Francisco University (USF), Bragan\u00e7a Paulista 12916-900, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8324-8866","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Leonardo Henrique Dalcheco","family":"Messias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Group on Technology Applied to Exercise Physiology\u2014GTAFE, Health Sciences and Health Data Science Postgraduate Programs, S\u00e3o Francisco University (USF), Bragan\u00e7a Paulista 12916-900, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"990","DOI":"10.1210\/er.2018-00084","article-title":"Melatonin as a Hormone: New Physiological and Clinical Insights","volume":"39","author":"Amaral","year":"2018","journal-title":"Endocr. 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