{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]],"date-time":"2026-08-25T22:04:06Z","timestamp":1787695446962,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":238,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,10]],"date-time":"2026-03-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1773100800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Long-term oncological outcomes are significantly influenced by dietary patterns and nutritional status. Emerging evidence suggests that specific nutrients and dietary behaviors modulate the biological pathways involved in cancer initiation, progression, and therapeutic response. Understanding these nutritional mechanisms is essential for optimizing cancer prevention strategies, improving treatment efficacy, and enhancing long-term prognosis. Dieting is a modifiable factor influencing cancer prevention, progression, and survivorship. This review is a molecular, clinical, and epidemiological data amalgamation that aims to figure out the first of the three aspects, i.e., how dietary patterns and nutrients affect carcinogenesis, therapeutic tolerance, and long-term outcomes in long-term oncology. The current review moves from diet-dependent core cancer mechanisms that lead cancer pathways through metabolic reprogramming, inflammation, oxidative stress regulation, and epigenetic alterations. Protective dietary patterns, e.g., plant-based, Mediterranean-style, fiber-rich, and omega-3-fed diets, typically provide lower oxidative and inflammatory loads while also facilitating immune surveillance and metabolic stability. Therapy-personalized nutrition that is high in energy\u2013protein and functional foods is instrumental to treatment tolerance, reduction in complication incidence, and cachexia relief. The newest research highlights the significant influence of epigenetic remodeling and the gut\u2013brain\u2013immune axis as the main processes that connect nutrition to tumor behavior and psychosocial outcomes. Translation into clinical practice changes is still dependent on thoughtfully designed trials, the existence of standard guidelines, and the provision of equal access to digital nutrition tools, despite this advancement. Diet is positioned as a low-toxicity co-therapeutic strategy that supports prevention, treatment efficacy, and long-term survivorship.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu18060881","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,10]],"date-time":"2026-03-10T17:04:24Z","timestamp":1773162264000},"page":"881","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["The Impact of Diet on Long-Term Oncological Outcomes: Investigating Nutritional Mechanisms in Cancer Prevention Management and Prognosis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Shubana","family":"Hayat","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Experimental Medicine, Universit\u00e0 Degli Studi Della Campania \u201cL. Vanvitelli\u201d, 80138 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Junaid","family":"Ahmad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sara","family":"Naeem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Experimental Medicine, Universit\u00e0 Degli Studi Della Campania \u201cL. Vanvitelli\u201d, 80138 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Faiza","family":"Yaseen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Experimental Medicine, Universit\u00e0 Degli Studi Della Campania \u201cL. Vanvitelli\u201d, 80138 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sania","family":"Aamir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Experimental Medicine, Universit\u00e0 Degli Studi Della Campania \u201cL. Vanvitelli\u201d, 80138 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesca","family":"Guida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Experimental Medicine, Universit\u00e0 Degli Studi Della Campania \u201cL. Vanvitelli\u201d, 80138 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Livio","family":"Luongo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Experimental Medicine, Universit\u00e0 Degli Studi Della Campania \u201cL. 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