{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]],"date-time":"2026-08-25T01:12:31Z","timestamp":1787620351709,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,18]],"date-time":"2026-03-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1773792000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"2115 Talent Development Program of China Agricultural University"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background\/Objectives: Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASLD) represents a prevalent liver disease worldwide. It is crucial to maintain the stability of the gut\u2013liver axis in order to inhibit the advancement of MASLD. Broccoli-derived exosome-like nanoparticles (BDENs) can alleviate constipation and improve colitis. This study investigated whether BDENs possess therapeutic potential for improving induced MASLD by the gut\u2013liver axis. Methods: BDENs were fractionated from fresh broccoli using differential centrifugation, and the microRNAs were identified and analyzed. 24 male C57BL\/6J mice (6 weeks old) were randomized into the control group, HFD group, and BDENs group, with 8 mice per group. After 8 weeks of high-fat diet modeling, the BDENs group accepted BDENs daily oral gavage of 100 mg\/kg (B.W.), while the control and HFD groups accepted 1 \u00d7 PBS. Four weeks after BDENs intervention, analysis was conducted on liver injury markers, liver tissue pathology, intestinal barrier, cecal content metabolomics and fecal 16S rRNA, serum inflammatory factors, and hepatic inflammation. Results: BDENs identified 1659 miRNAs associated with physiological processes such as immunity, antioxidant defense, and fatty acid biosynthesis. BDENs significantly reduced weight and ALT\/AST ratio (p &lt; 0.05). Furthermore, BDENs attenuated hepatic histopathological damage and lipid accumulation. For the gut\u2013liver axis, BDENs maintained intestinal barrier, regulated intestinal bile acid metabolism and restored the gut microbiota. Additionally, BDENs reduced serum LPS level (p &lt; 0.01) and suppressed hepatic inflammation, including F4\/80 and IL-6, IL-1\u03b2 (p &lt; 0.0001). Conclusions: Oral BDENs therapy demonstrates potential for ameliorating MASLD.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu18060953","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,18]],"date-time":"2026-03-18T11:14:14Z","timestamp":1773832454000},"page":"953","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Broccoli-Derived Exosome-like Nanoparticles Alleviates Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease Through Modulating the Gut\u2013Liver Axis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7794-1536","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Feng","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-6740-8687","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ruolan","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1933-0291","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tongxiao","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2302-8490","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wentao","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100191, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kunlun","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Safety Assessment of Genetically Modified Organism (Food Safety), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the P.R. China, Beijing 100083, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9503-8532","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiaoyun","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Safety Assessment of Genetically Modified Organism (Food Safety), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the P.R. China, Beijing 100083, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S32","DOI":"10.3350\/cmh.2024.0431","article-title":"Epidemiology of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease","volume":"31","author":"Younossi","year":"2025","journal-title":"Clin. Mol. 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