{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,20]],"date-time":"2026-03-20T08:04:09Z","timestamp":1773993849701,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":73,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,18]],"date-time":"2026-03-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1773792000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004700","name":"Taipei Medical University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["110TMU- TMUH-03-3"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["110TMU- TMUH-03-3"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004700","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Chenopodium formosanum Koidz. (djulis) is an indigenous cereal crop native to Taiwan, and its effects on patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) warrant exploration. The present study investigated whether the consumption of djulis can alleviate chronic colitis induced by dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) in mice. Methods: Forty mice were randomly divided into five groups: blank group (B), control group (C), low-dose group (L), medium-dose group (M), and high-dose group (H). Body weight and disease activity index (DAI) were recorded throughout this study. Groups C, L, M, and H were administered 2% DSS water on days 1\u20135 and 10\u201315 to induce chronic colitis. Groups L, M, and H were administered 5%, 10%, and 15% djulis, respectively. Serum and colon samples were collected for further analysis. Results: The DAI scores of groups L, M, and H were significantly lower than those of group C (p &lt; 0.05), and the DAI scores of group H on day 18 were significantly lower than those of group L (p &lt; 0.05). Colon length analysis revealed that DSS intervention significantly shortened colon length in group C (p &lt; 0.05), whereas mice consuming djulis (groups L, M, and H) exhibited a restoration of colon length, with the effect being most pronounced in group H. DSS significantly increased the secretion of certain pro-inflammatory cytokines in the serum, such as interleukin (IL)-1\u03b2 (p &lt; 0.05), and the expression of some pro-inflammatory proteins in the colon, such as the nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-\u03baB) (p &lt; 0.05); however, djulis reversed these effects (especially in group H). In addition, mice in group H exhibited beneficial gut microbiota. Conclusions: Djulis alleviated chronic colitis in mice by reducing inflammation and modulating the gut microbiota. Further research is required to confirm these potential benefits in humans and elucidate the mechanisms involved.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu18060959","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,18]],"date-time":"2026-03-18T17:12:26Z","timestamp":1773853946000},"page":"959","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Preventive Effect of Chenopodium formosanum Koidz. on Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Chronic Colitis in Mice"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3415-836X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hsing-Jung","family":"Yeh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 11031, Taiwan"},{"name":"School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan"},{"name":"Nutrition Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 11031, Taiwan"},{"name":"TMU Research Center for Digestive Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan"},{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan"},{"name":"Division of General Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University; Taipei 11031, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hung-Ming","family":"Chao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3396-1559","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chun-Chao","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 11031, Taiwan"},{"name":"School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan"},{"name":"TMU Research Center for Digestive Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan"},{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5506-4293","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wei-Yu","family":"Kao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 11031, Taiwan"},{"name":"School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan"},{"name":"TMU Research Center for Digestive Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan"},{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan"},{"name":"Graduate Institute of Metabolism and Obesity Sciences, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan"},{"name":"Taipei Cancer Center, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1579-2165","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Suh-Ching","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan"},{"name":"Nutrition Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 11031, Taiwan"},{"name":"TMU Research Center for Digestive Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3610-9580","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jane C.-J.","family":"Chao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan"},{"name":"Nutrition Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 11031, Taiwan"},{"name":"TMU Research Center for Digestive Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan"},{"name":"Master Program in Global Health and Health Security, College of Public Health, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2545-911X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chun-Kuang","family":"Shih","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan"},{"name":"TMU Research Center for Digestive Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan"},{"name":"School of Food Safety, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"850","DOI":"10.1002\/ibd.20361","article-title":"Indeterminate colitis: A review of the concept\u2014What\u2019s in a name?","volume":"14","author":"Geboes","year":"2008","journal-title":"Inflamm. 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