{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]],"date-time":"2026-10-10T02:11:50Z","timestamp":1791598310658,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,23]],"date-time":"2026-03-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1774224000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100009687","name":"Wroclaw Medical University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["SUBZ.A080.22.076"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SUBZ.A080.22.076"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100009687","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100009687","name":"Wroclaw Medical University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Subz.A080.25.084"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Subz.A080.25.084"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100009687","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100009687","name":"Wroclaw Medical University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["SUBZ.A080.26.027"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SUBZ.A080.26.027"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100009687","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background\/Objectives: Presbyopia is an age-related decline in near vision associated with lens stiffening and neuroretinal changes, while evidence for the effects of berry-derived phytochemicals remains limited. We investigated whether AKB, a double-standardised berry extract (anthocyanins \u2265 25%, iridoids \u2265 4.5%) from Aronia melanocarpa, Lonicera caerulea, and Vaccinium myrtillus, influences visual performance and circulating biomarkers potentially relevant to ocular homeostasis. Methods: In a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, two-period crossover trial, 23 adults aged &gt;50 years received AKB (400 mg twice daily) or placebo for 6 weeks, separated by a 5-week washout. Results: Compared with placebo, AKB was associated with improvements in selected visual-function outcomes, including near contrast sensitivity and visual-field parameters, together with directionally favourable changes in VEP and OCT readouts. AKB supplementation was also associated with lower circulating \u03b1A-\/\u03b1B-crystallin and ALDH1A1 levels and higher circulating TRPV4 levels, whereas systemic antioxidant enzymes and advanced glycation end-products remained unchanged. Given the small sample size and the indirect nature of the biomarker assessment, these findings should be considered preliminary. Conclusions: Overall, short-term AKB supplementation was associated with modest, exploratory changes in selected functional and systemic biomarker outcomes, but larger and longer-term studies are needed to confirm clinical relevance and clarify underlying mechanisms.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu18061016","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,23]],"date-time":"2026-03-23T15:54:53Z","timestamp":1774281293000},"page":"1016","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Standardized Berry Extract Improves Selected Visual Function Outcomes in Presbyopia: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Crossover Trial with Exploratory Biomarker Analysis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7814-3517","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dorota","family":"Szumny","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Mikulicza-Radeckiego 2, 50-345 Wroc\u0142aw, Poland"},{"name":"Ophthalmology Clinic, University Clinical Hospital, Borowska 213, 50-556 Wroc\u0142aw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2172-0408","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alicja Zofia","family":"Kucharska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Fruit, Vegetable and Plant Nutraceutical Technology, Wroc\u0142aw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Che\u0142mo\u0144skiego 37, 51-630 Wroc\u0142aw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4230-6134","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Karolina","family":"Czajor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ophthalmology Clinic, University Clinical Hospital, Borowska 213, 50-556 Wroc\u0142aw, Poland"},{"name":"Department of Ophthlmology, Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 213, 50-556 Wroc\u0142aw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5985-3687","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Karolina","family":"Kaptsiuh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Fruit, Vegetable and Plant Nutraceutical Technology, Wroc\u0142aw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Che\u0142mo\u0144skiego 37, 51-630 Wroc\u0142aw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sabina","family":"Zi\u00f3\u0142kowska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ophthalmology Clinic, University Clinical Hospital, Borowska 213, 50-556 Wroc\u0142aw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patrycja","family":"Krzy\u017canowska-Berkowska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ophthalmology Clinic, University Clinical Hospital, Borowska 213, 50-556 Wroc\u0142aw, Poland"},{"name":"Department of Ophthlmology, Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 213, 50-556 Wroc\u0142aw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4020-3203","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marta","family":"Misiuk-Hoj\u0142o","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ophthalmology Clinic, University Clinical Hospital, Borowska 213, 50-556 Wroc\u0142aw, Poland"},{"name":"Department of Ophthlmology, Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 213, 50-556 Wroc\u0142aw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Monika","family":"Skrzypiec-Spring","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Mikulicza-Radeckiego 2, 50-345 Wroc\u0142aw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1320-4112","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jakub","family":"Szyller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Preclinical Sciences, Pharmacology and Medical Diagnostics, Faculty of Medicine, Wroc\u0142aw University of Science and Technology, Wybrze\u017ce Wyspia\u0144skiego 27, 50-370 Wroc\u0142aw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8104-5267","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adam","family":"Szel\u0105g","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Mikulicza-Radeckiego 2, 50-345 Wroc\u0142aw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1722-3190","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tomasz","family":"Soza\u0144ski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Preclinical Sciences, Pharmacology and Medical Diagnostics, Faculty of Medicine, Wroc\u0142aw University of Science and Technology, Wybrze\u017ce Wyspia\u0144skiego 27, 50-370 Wroc\u0142aw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1095","DOI":"10.1248\/yakushi.20-00120","article-title":"Study of the Mechanisms of Maintaining the Transparency of the Lens and Treatment of Its Related Diseases for Making Anti-cataract and\/or Anti-presbyopia Drugs","volume":"140","author":"Nakazawa","year":"2020","journal-title":"Yakugaku 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