{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,27]],"date-time":"2026-03-27T16:49:46Z","timestamp":1774630186228,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,27]],"date-time":"2026-03-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1774569600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003593","name":"National Council for Scientific and Technological Development\u2014CNPq\n\t\t\t\t\t              https:\/\/ror.org\/03swz6y49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["312114\/2025-7"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["312114\/2025-7"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003593","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002322","name":"CNPq\/Brazil, Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel\u2014CAPES","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["88881.710320\/2022-01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["88881.710320\/2022-01"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002322","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002322","name":"CNPq\/Brazil, Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel\u2014CAPES","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["88881.083661\/2024-01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["88881.083661\/2024-01"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002322","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007395","name":"INCT\/Excitotoxicity and Neuroprotection","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["408446\/2024-2"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["408446\/2024-2"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007395","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background\/Objectives: Population aging has been accompanied by increased institutionalization of older adults and a high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in this group. Although the literature suggests a possible relationship between vitamin D and cognition, findings remain inconsistent, particularly in institutional settings. This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate factors associated with vitamin D deficiency in institutionalized older adults, emphasizing the role of vitamin D supplementation and length of institutionalization, as well as to evaluate the association between serum vitamin D levels, cognitive decline, and dementia. Methods: A total of 104 older adults living in different long-term care institutions (LTCFs) in the city of Pelotas, RS, Brazil, were evaluated. Sociodemographic, clinical, and nutritional data were collected via interviews and medical record review. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels were categorized according to the Institute of Medicine cutoffs (&lt;20 ng\/mL and \u226520 ng\/mL). Cognitive decline was assessed using the Mini-Mental State Examination, and dementia was evaluated with the Clinical Dementia Rating scale. Analyses included bivariate tests and binary logistic regression. Results: A high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency (52.9%), cognitive decline (83.6%), and questionable or mild dementia (79.4%) was observed. In multivariate analysis, vitamin D supplementation remained independently associated with vitamin D deficiency, whereas no significant association was observed between vitamin D levels and cognitive decline or dementia. Conclusions: Vitamin D deficiency in institutionalized older adults is predominantly associated with contextual and care-related factors rather than cognitive impairment, highlighting the importance of systematic nutritional monitoring and vitamin D supplementation strategies in institutional settings.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu18071078","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,27]],"date-time":"2026-03-27T15:45:42Z","timestamp":1774626342000},"page":"1078","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Vitamin D Deficiency in Institutionalized Older Adults: Associations with Supplementation Practices but Not with Cognitive Decline or Dementia"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Larissa David","family":"Soares","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Program in Health and Behavior, Center of Health Sciences, Laboratory of Clinical Neurosciences, Catholic University of Pelotas (UCPel), Pelotas 96015-560, RS, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Myrella","family":"Teixeira Rosales","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Program in Health and Behavior, Center of Health Sciences, Laboratory of Clinical Neurosciences, Catholic University of Pelotas (UCPel), Pelotas 96015-560, RS, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bruna Costa","family":"Silveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Program in Health and Behavior, Center of Health Sciences, Laboratory of Clinical Neurosciences, Catholic University of Pelotas (UCPel), Pelotas 96015-560, RS, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-7329-9553","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alice Moreira","family":"Rizzolli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Program in Health and Behavior, Center of Health Sciences, Laboratory of Clinical Neurosciences, Catholic University of Pelotas (UCPel), Pelotas 96015-560, RS, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Caroline Helen Santos Gon\u00e7alves","family":"Mazala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Program in Health and Behavior, Center of Health Sciences, Laboratory of Clinical Neurosciences, Catholic University of Pelotas (UCPel), Pelotas 96015-560, RS, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9671-0573","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Isabela Thurow","family":"Lemes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Biochemistry, Institute of Basic Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre 90035-003, RS, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fabiana Da Silveira Santos","family":"Sinnott","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Program in Health and Behavior, Center of Health Sciences, Laboratory of Clinical Neurosciences, Catholic University of Pelotas (UCPel), Pelotas 96015-560, RS, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9995-0732","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thiago Falson","family":"Santana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Program in Health and Behavior, Center of Health Sciences, Laboratory of Clinical Neurosciences, Catholic University of Pelotas (UCPel), Pelotas 96015-560, RS, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"\u00c9rica Paiva","family":"Espinosa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Program in Health and Behavior, Center of Health Sciences, Laboratory of Clinical Neurosciences, Catholic University of Pelotas (UCPel), Pelotas 96015-560, RS, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eduarda Neutzling","family":"Drawanz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Program in Health and Behavior, Center of Health Sciences, Laboratory of Clinical Neurosciences, Catholic University of Pelotas (UCPel), Pelotas 96015-560, RS, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0376-0756","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana Beatriz Gon\u00e7alves","family":"Ara\u00fajo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Program in Health and Behavior, Center of Health Sciences, Laboratory of Clinical Neurosciences, Catholic University of Pelotas (UCPel), Pelotas 96015-560, RS, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nathalia Passos","family":"Moura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Program in Health and Behavior, Center of Health Sciences, Laboratory of Clinical Neurosciences, Catholic University of Pelotas (UCPel), Pelotas 96015-560, RS, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aline","family":"Longoni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Program in Health and Behavior, Center of Health Sciences, Laboratory of Clinical Neurosciences, Catholic University of Pelotas (UCPel), Pelotas 96015-560, RS, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Diogo Onofre","family":"Souza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Biochemistry, Institute of Basic Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre 90035-003, RS, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maria Noel Marzano","family":"Rodrigues","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Program in Health and Behavior, Center of Health Sciences, Laboratory of Clinical Neurosciences, Catholic University of Pelotas (UCPel), Pelotas 96015-560, RS, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1953-7831","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adriano Martimbianco","family":"De Assis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Program in Health and Behavior, Center of Health Sciences, Laboratory of Clinical Neurosciences, Catholic University of Pelotas (UCPel), Pelotas 96015-560, RS, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"de Medeiros, M.M.D., Carletti, T.M., Magno, M.B., Maia, L.C., Cavalcanti, Y.W., and Rodrigues-Garcia, R.C.M. 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