{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T18:38:36Z","timestamp":1789756716199,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,2]],"date-time":"2026-04-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775088000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Vietnam Ministry of Science and Technology","award":["18\/FIRST\/1a\/HMU"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["18\/FIRST\/1a\/HMU"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100015581","name":"Houston Methodist Research Institute","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100015581","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background\/Objectives: Lycopene, a red lipophilic carotenoid hydrocarbon pigment found primarily in tomatoes and other red\/pink fruits and vegetables, has anti-inflammatory, anticarcinogenic and cardioprotective properties. There is a lack of evidence regarding the effect of lycopene intake on gastric cancer risk in the Asian population. We, thus, evaluate the association between lycopene intake and gastric cancer risk in a hospital-based case\u2013control study, including 1182 incident cases of gastric cancer and 2995 controls in Vietnam. Methods: Lycopene intake was derived from a semi-quantitative, validated food frequency questionnaire. An unconditional logistic regression model was performed to estimate the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for gastric cancer risk in relation to lycopene intake, adjusted for potential confounding factors. Results: Overall, there was a dose\u2013response inverse association between lycopene intake and gastric cancer risk (ORper-SD increment = 0.88, 95% CI: 0.81\u20130.95; Ptrend = 0.002). Compared with quintile 1 (the lowest quintile), the ORs and 95% CIs of gastric cancer for quintiles 2, 3, 4 and 5 of the lycopene intakes were 0.63 (0.51\u20130.79), 0.64 (0.51\u20130.80), 0.65 (0.52\u20130.81) and 0.62 (0.50\u20130.78), respectively. A similar pattern of inverse association between lycopene intake and gastric cancer risk was seen only in females, ever alcohol drinkers, and individuals with H. pylori negative status, without type 2 diabetes and with blood group B (all Pheterogeneity &gt; 0.05). Conclusions: We observed a reduced risk of gastric cancer in individuals with higher lycopene intake in the Vietnamese population, regardless of BMI or smoking status. Our results have great implications for a healthy dietary pattern (i.e., lycopene with major sources from fruits and vegetables) for strategies in the prevention and control programs of gastric cancer in low-and middle-income countries.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu18071143","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,2]],"date-time":"2026-04-02T09:26:12Z","timestamp":1775121972000},"page":"1143","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Dietary Lycopene Intake and Gastric Cancer Risk: Findings from a Case-Control Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7862-492X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ngoan Tran","family":"Le","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang 550000, Vietnam"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Research, Vinmec Healthcare System, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-3235-2110","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yen Thi-Hai","family":"Pham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15232, USA"},{"name":"Dr. Mary and Ron Neal Cancer Center, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-6857-8435","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Linh Thuy","family":"Le","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Embryology and Genetics of Human Malformation, Imagine Institute, INSERM UMR (National Institute of Health and Medical Research, Mixed Research Unit), 75015 Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Phuong M.","family":"Nguyen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ninh Thi","family":"Nguyen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Occupational Health, Institute for Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Minh Hoang Nhat","family":"Phuong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Occupational Health, Institute for Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chi Thuy","family":"Nguyen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Occupational Health, Institute for Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-4041-7964","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Phong Gia","family":"Dang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Occupational Health, Institute for Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-0413-3707","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thao Thu Thi","family":"Vu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"General Daycare Inpatient Department, Hanoi Oncology Hospital, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nam S.","family":"Vo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"VinUni Big Data Research Institute, VinUniversity, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lang","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Interdisciplinary Oncology, LSU-LCMC Health Cancer Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8001-9470","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tin C.","family":"Nguyen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202, USA"},{"name":"Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7573-1260","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jennifer","family":"Cullen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dr. Mary and Ron Neal Cancer Center, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA"},{"name":"Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2172-1849","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hung N.","family":"Luu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15232, USA"},{"name":"Dr. Mary and Ron Neal Cancer Center, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY 10065, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"229","article-title":"Global cancer statistics 2022: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 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