{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,16]],"date-time":"2026-04-16T11:08:19Z","timestamp":1776337699644,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,16]],"date-time":"2026-04-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776297600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: In Greece, nutrition education is not taught as an independent subject but is incorporated across multiple disciplines. Objective: To evaluate the extent, distribution, and thematic orientation of nutrition-related content in Greek secondary school textbooks. Methods: A systematic content analysis was conducted on all officially approved textbooks used in Greek secondary education during the academic year 2022\u20132023. A total of 164 textbooks (26,914 pages) were analyzed. Nutrition-related references were systematically identified using predefined keywords and categorized into thematic domains. Coding was performed independently by two researchers (Cohen\u2019s \u03ba = 0.84). Results: A total of 1426 nutrition-related references were identified. Nutrition-related content was unevenly distributed, with 57.1% in Gymnasium textbooks and 42.9% in Lyceum textbooks. When normalized, Gymnasium textbooks contained 7.47 references per 100 pages compared with 3.82 in Lyceum. Content was primarily focused on biological concepts (27.1%) and health\/disease prevention (20.3%), while behavioral (16.5%), psychosocial (16.2%), and sustainability-related (19.8%) dimensions were less represented. No references addressed skills-based nutrition education. Conclusions: Nutrition education in Greek textbooks is present but fragmented and predominantly biologically oriented. The lack of behavioral and skills-based content suggests the need for more comprehensive and interdisciplinary educational approaches.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu18081257","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,16]],"date-time":"2026-04-16T10:14:46Z","timestamp":1776334486000},"page":"1257","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Nutrition Education in Greek Secondary School Textbooks: A Content Analysis of Coverage and Thematic Orientation"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Antonios Emmanouil","family":"Chronakis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences, International Hellenic University, 57400 Thessaloniki, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2665-5908","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emilia","family":"Vassilopoulou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences, International Hellenic University, 57400 Thessaloniki, Greece"},{"name":"Pediatric Area, Fondazione IRCCS Ca\u2019 Granda-Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Universit\u00e0 Degli Studi di Milano, 20122 Milan, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Life Sciences, School of Life and Health Sciences, Universiy of Nicosia, 24005 Nicosia, Cyprus"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3698-9135","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elisabeth","family":"Vardaka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences, International Hellenic University, 57400 Thessaloniki, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0644-330X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Athanasios","family":"Papadopoulos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences, International Hellenic University, 57400 Thessaloniki, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Moschonis, G., Magriplis, E., and Zampelas, A. 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