{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,16]],"date-time":"2026-08-16T13:10:42Z","timestamp":1786885842681,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":198,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777507200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Fatty acids serve dual roles in cardiac physiology: as energy substrates and as precursors of bioactive lipid mediators (prostaglandins, leukotrienes, oxylipins) from n-3\/n-6 PUFAs that regulate inflammation, thrombosis, and remodeling. Saturated, monounsaturated, and trans fatty acids modulate metabolism and membrane function, thereby shaping these pathways. Clinically, n-3 long-chain PUFAs (EPA and DHA) reduce cardiovascular mortality and aid postischemic remodeling; however, high doses increase the risk of atrial fibrillation. By contrast, trans and saturated fatty acids promote dyslipidemia, dysfunction, and higher rates of coronary artery disease and heart failure. Mechanistically, fatty acid uptake via FABPpm, CD36 (FAT), and FATPs, along with \u03b2-oxidation and PPAR signaling, regulates metabolism, while COX\/LOX\/CYP pathways generate eicosanoids and resolvins that influence inflammation and repair. This review synthesizes evidence on the roles of fatty acids and oxylipins in lipotoxicity, heart failure, ischemia\u2013reperfusion, and arrhythmias, and evaluates dietary and supplemental interventions to optimize cardiac lipid metabolism, aligning with fatty acid signaling.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu18091429","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T12:20:25Z","timestamp":1777551625000},"page":"1429","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Fatty Acids and Their Roles in Cardiac Physiology and Pathology: Mechanistic and Interventional Studies"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4065-3474","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rahul","family":"Mallick","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Prasenjit","family":"Bhowmik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (DiSTABiF), University of Campania \u201cLuigi Vanvitelli\u201d, 81100 Caserta, Italy"},{"name":"Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (IBB-CNR), Via Pietro Castellino, 111, 80131 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Premanjali","family":"Chowdhury","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1619-3778","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Asim K.","family":"Duttaroy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition, Institute of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, 0316 Oslo, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Duttaroy, A.K., and Mallick, R. 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