{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,12]],"date-time":"2026-08-12T12:44:51Z","timestamp":1786538691292,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,6]],"date-time":"2026-05-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1778025600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100011033","name":"Agencia Estatal de Investigaci\u00f3n","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CPP2023-010524"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CPP2023-010524"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100011033","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"award":["CPP2023-010524"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CPP2023-010524"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/003x0zc53","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Computed tomography-based body composition assessment enables the quantification of clinically relevant prognostic conditions such as sarcopenia, myosteatosis, and visceral adiposity; the manual segmentation process limits its routine implementation in clinical practice. We developed FocusedON-BC, an automated deep learning tool for opportunistic screening of skeletal muscle (SM), visceral adipose tissue (VAT), and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) across the T12\u2013L5 range; Methods: Validated on a multicenter cohort of 518 patients (3280 slices) with diverse body mass index (12.7\u201347.7 kg\/m2) from different computed tomography manufacturers. Performance was benchmarked against expert segmentation using the Dice coefficient score (DSC) and the mean absolute error (MAE); Results: FocusedON-BC achieved expert-level accuracy: mean DSC was 0.974\u00b10.010 (SM), 0.959\u00b10.032 (VAT), and 0.986\u00b10.014 (SAT). Clinical MAE remained &lt;5% for all compartments. Performance was robust, independent of body mass index and computed tomography scanner model. Qualitative assessment confirmed the tool\u2019s capability to isolate intermuscular adipose tissue for radiodensity analysis; Conclusions: FocusedON-BC provides accurate, vendor-agnostic body composition and muscle quality analysis. Its reliability across diverse phenotypes supports implementation for routine nutritional screening.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu18091477","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,7]],"date-time":"2026-05-07T08:01:39Z","timestamp":1778140899000},"page":"1477","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["FocusedON-BC: A Robust Deep Learning Framework for Automated Body Composition Assessment"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7566-9495","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jano Manuel","family":"Rubio-Garc\u00eda","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario Insular Materno Infantil de Canarias, 35016 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-6130-8184","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andr\u00e9s","family":"Jim\u00e9nez-S\u00e1nchez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Endocrinolog\u00eda y Nutrici\u00f3n, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, IBiS\/Hospital Universitario Virgen del Roc\u00edo\/CSIC\/Universidad de Sevilla, Avda. Manuel Siurot s\/n, 41013 Seville, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9941-1816","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fiorella","family":"Palmas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Universitari Vall d\u2019Hebron, 08035 Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Diabetes and Metabolism Research Unit, Vall d\u2019Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), 08035 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3531-0343","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cora","family":"Oliver-Vila","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Diabetes and Metabolism Research Unit, Vall d\u2019Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), 08035 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4838-781X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aitor","family":"Rodriguez-Martinez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Institut de Diagn\u00f2stic per la Imatge (IDI), Hospital Universitari Vall d\u2019Hebron, 08035 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6751-7491","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nuria","family":"Roson-Gradaille","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Institut de Diagn\u00f2stic per la Imatge (IDI), Hospital Universitari Vall d\u2019Hebron, 08035 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5799-9527","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Selenia Maria","family":"Medina-Hernandez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ARTIS Development, 35017 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-8295-6555","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gabriel","family":"Santana-Quintana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ARTIS Development, 35017 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eduardo J.","family":"Carrasco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ARTIS Development, 35017 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4303-3051","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Raul","family":"Guerra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ARTIS Development, 35017 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3927-0887","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rosa","family":"Burgos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Universitari Vall d\u2019Hebron, 08035 Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona, 08193 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5622-0203","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andreea","family":"Ciudin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Universitari Vall d\u2019Hebron, 08035 Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Diabetes and Metabolism Research Unit, Vall d\u2019Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), 08035 Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona, 08193 Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metab\u00f3licas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2018.08.002","article-title":"GLIM criteria for the diagnosis of malnutrition\u2014A consensus report from the global clinical nutrition community","volume":"38","author":"Cederholm","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin. 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