{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,18]],"date-time":"2026-05-18T10:07:41Z","timestamp":1779098861424,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,16]],"date-time":"2026-05-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1778889600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"the Financial Science and Technology Program of the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps","award":["NO. 2021AB030"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NO. 2021AB030"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Objectives: Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is characterized by abnormal hepatic lipid accumulation and is frequently driven by factors such as a high-fat diet (HFD). Total flavonoids of Apocynum venetum (TFAV), the bioactive constituents of a traditional medicinal plant, have demonstrated antioxidant and lipid-modulating properties. However, their therapeutic potential against MASLD and the underlying mechanisms are not explored. This study aims to evaluate the ameliorative effects of TFAV on HFD-induced MASLD utilizing both in vivo animal and in vitro cellular models. Methods: C57BL\/6J were allocated to control, high-fat diet (HFD), TFAV (100 mg\/kg\/day), and TFAV intervention groups (25, 50, and 100 mg\/kg\/day). In vitro, WRL68 hepatocytes were stimulated with free fatty acids (FFAs) to establish a cellular model of steatosis. Liver function, serum lipid profiles, hepatic histopathology, and the AMPK signaling pathway were assessed. Results: TFAV intervention significantly improved serum biochemical profiles in the animal models; for instance, co-treatment with 100 mg\/kg\/day TFAV and HFD reduced TC, TG, and LDL-C levels by 20.59%, 45.26%, and 38.24% respectively (p &lt; 0.05), and effectively alleviated hepatic steatosis and hepatocyte ballooning. Furthermore, TFAV markedly inhibited intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and activated the AMPK signaling pathway (p &lt; 0.05). This was accompanied by the downregulation of SREBP-1c and ACC expression (p &lt; 0.05), as well as the upregulation of ATGL and CPT1\u03b1 expression (p &lt; 0.05). Conclusions: These results demonstrates that TFAV remodel hepatic lipid homeostasis by activating the AMPK signaling pathway, and exerting significant preventive and protective effects against the progression of HFD-induced MASLD in vivo.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu18101586","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,18]],"date-time":"2026-05-18T08:56:27Z","timestamp":1779094587000},"page":"1586","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Total Flavonoids of Apocynum venetum Ameliorate High-Fat Diet-Induced Lipid Accumulation in Mice and Hepatocytes by Activating the AMPK Signaling Pathway"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Wennu","family":"Tang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory for Prevention and Control of Emerging Infectious Diseases and Public Health Security, The Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, Shihezi 832000, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wenchang","family":"Ding","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory for Prevention and Control of Emerging Infectious Diseases and Public Health Security, The Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, Shihezi 832000, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lu","family":"Deng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory for Prevention and Control of Emerging Infectious Diseases and Public Health Security, The Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, Shihezi 832000, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dong","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory for Prevention and Control of Emerging Infectious Diseases and Public Health Security, The Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, Shihezi 832000, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Haixia","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory for Prevention and Control of Emerging Infectious Diseases and Public Health Security, The Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, Shihezi 832000, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yu","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory for Prevention and Control of Emerging Infectious Diseases and Public Health Security, The Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, Shihezi 832000, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1359-7443","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rulin","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory for Prevention and Control of Emerging Infectious Diseases and Public Health Security, The Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, Shihezi 832000, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1186\/s12944-024-02108-x","article-title":"Updated mechanisms of MASLD pathogenesis","volume":"23","author":"Li","year":"2024","journal-title":"Lipids Health 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