{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,31]],"date-time":"2026-05-31T05:00:27Z","timestamp":1780203627740,"version":"3.54.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,23]],"date-time":"2026-05-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1779494400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Elevated gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) is a biomarker associated with alcohol-related hepatic stress and oxidative imbalance. Although alcohol abstinence is the primary determinant of GGT normalization, adjunctive strategies may support biochemical improvement in real-world settings. Methods: This non-randomized cohort study included 197 of 1957 screened participants (10.1%), stratified according to baseline GGT into 55\u201399 U\/L (n = 95) and \u2265100 U\/L (n = 102). Participants in the higher baseline subgroup underwent a multimodal intervention consisting of nutraceutical supplementation (silymarin, essential phospholipids, and a polyherbal antioxidant formulation) combined with structured psychological support aimed at promoting alcohol abstinence. The primary outcome was the change in GGT between baseline (T1) and follow-up (T2). Secondary outcomes included the proportion of participants achieving GGT reduction and the magnitude of change according to baseline severity. Clinical trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT07603726. Results: Among participants with baseline GGT \u2265 100 U\/L, GGT levels decreased from a median of 133.73 to 97.41 U\/L (p &lt; 0.001), whereas in the 55\u201399 U\/L subgroup, median GGT changed from 67.49 to 66.51 U\/L without reaching statistical significance (p = 0.072). Participants in the higher baseline subgroup demonstrated greater GGT reductions (median \u0394GGT: \u221235.25 vs. \u22122.58 U\/L), a higher proportion achieving GGT reduction (91.2% vs. 70.5%), and higher odds of GGT reduction at follow-up in exploratory analysis (OR = 4.32, 95% CI: 1.91\u20139.75). Conclusions: In this real-world cohort, reductions in GGT levels were observed, particularly among individuals with elevated baseline values (\u2265100 U\/L) who underwent the multimodal intervention. These findings support monitoring GGT dynamics in routine clinical practice, where GGT remains a practical and accessible biomarker due to its widespread availability, low cost, and sensitivity to oxidative and alcohol-related hepatic stress.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu18111676","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,25]],"date-time":"2026-05-25T00:30:33Z","timestamp":1779669033000},"page":"1676","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Multimodal Nutraceutical and Psychological Intervention for GGT Reduction in Individuals with Alcohol Use Disorder"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-1136-168X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nilca Stefania","family":"Diana","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Doctoral School, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Targu Mures, 540142 T\u00e2rgu Mure\u0219, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7299-118X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tarcea","family":"Monica","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Community Nutrition and Food Safety, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Targu Mures, 540142 T\u00e2rgu Mure\u0219, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0356-822X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gliga","family":"Florina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiopathology, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Targu Mures, 540142 T\u00e2rgu Mure\u0219, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"807","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2020.09.005","article-title":"The dark side of gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT): Pathogenic effects of an \u201cantioxidant\u201d enzyme","volume":"160","author":"Corti","year":"2020","journal-title":"Free Radic. 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