{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T17:09:26Z","timestamp":1785431366814,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]],"date-time":"2026-05-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780012800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000060","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01AI130348"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01AI130348"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000060","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"award":["R01AI130348"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01AI130348"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01cwqze88","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Genentech Investigator Initiated Study","award":["ML45013"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ML45013"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background\/Objectives: Of the approximately 8% of children in the United States (US) with food allergy (FA), roughly 40% report allergy to multiple foods. The ubiquity and intensity of FA management can impose psychosocial burdens on both pediatric patients and caregivers, which may be exacerbated among those allergic to multiple foods. However, little work has comprehensively estimated the burden of multi-FA in heterogeneous pediatric populations with clinically confirmed FA. Methods: Children with allergist-diagnosed, IgE-mediated FA were enrolled in the FORWARD multisite prospective cohort study. Psychosocial burden was assessed annually using the FA Quality of Life Questionnaire-Parent Form 10 (FAQL-PF10) and FA Independent Measure-Parent Form (FAIM-PF); psychosocial burden for caregivers was measured with the FA Quality of Life-Parental Burden (FAQL-PB) Questionnaire. Multilevel regression models estimated independent effects of the number of current FAs after adjusting for child age, gender, race, ethnicity, household income, caregiver education, atopic comorbidities, and recruitment site. Results: FA-related psychosocial burden increased linearly for patients and caregivers with each additional FA even after controlling for demographic factors such as age, gender, race, ethnicity, income, education, and other atopic conditions, as well as repeated observations within participants: FAQL-PF10 B = 0.082 (N = 2206; p = 0.004), FAIM-PF B = 0.152 (N = 2206; p &lt; 0.001), and FAQL-PB B = 0.166 (N = 1081; p &lt; 0.001). Conclusions: The psychosocial burden of pediatric FA increases monotonically with each additional current FA, highlighting opportunities for tailored psychosocial, behavioral, and pharmacologic interventions to improve FA-related outcomes among those most impacted.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu18111745","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]],"date-time":"2026-05-29T10:06:56Z","timestamp":1780049216000},"page":"1745","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Psychosocial Burden of Multiple IgE-Mediated Food Allergies in Pediatric Patients and Caregivers in the FORWARD Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Mariesa","family":"Cay","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Food Allergy and Asthma Research, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 750 North Lake Shore Drive, 6th Floor, Chicago, IL 60611, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Caglar","family":"Onal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Food Allergy and Asthma Research, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 750 North Lake Shore Drive, 6th Floor, Chicago, IL 60611, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Linda","family":"Herbert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Children\u2019s National Hospital Medical Center, Washington, DC 20010, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7916-3918","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Melissa","family":"Engel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Food Allergy and Asthma Research, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 750 North Lake Shore Drive, 6th Floor, Chicago, IL 60611, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hemant","family":"Sharma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Children\u2019s National Hospital Medical Center, Washington, DC 20010, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4004-203X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mahdavinia","family":"Mahboobeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amal","family":"Assa\u2019ad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cincinnati Children\u2019s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James","family":"Moy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rush University School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60612, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lucy","family":"Bilaver","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Food Allergy and Asthma Research, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 750 North Lake Shore Drive, 6th Floor, Chicago, IL 60611, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9949-2129","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ruchi","family":"Gupta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ann and Robert H Lurie Children\u2019s Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60611, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8924-3329","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christopher","family":"Warren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Food Allergy and Asthma Research, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 750 North Lake Shore Drive, 6th Floor, Chicago, IL 60611, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e20181235","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2018-1235","article-title":"The public health impact of parent-reported childhood food allergies in the United States","volume":"142","author":"Gupta","year":"2018","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1007\/s11882-016-0614-9","article-title":"Quality of Life Among Food Allergic Patients and Their Caregivers","volume":"16","author":"Warren","year":"2016","journal-title":"Curr. 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